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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O AVC é a interrupção súbita do fluxo sanguíneo cerebral. As principais alterações geradas pelo AVC são: as alterações na função motora como distúrbios do tónus, presença de reações associadas, perda do mecanismo de controlo postural. Após o AVC a fisioterapia é importante, pois propicia a reeducação dos movimentos descoordenados e do equilíbrio postural. Objetivo: realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre os principais tratamentos de fisioterapia para o equilíbrio nos pacientes pós AVC. Metodologia: foi feita uma procura de artigos na base de dados Medline com as palavras-chave: Stroke, balance postural, control postural, postural stability e physiotherapy. A procura incluiu artigos publicados no período de 1 de janeiro de 2010 a 31 de março de 2015, em inglês, português ou espanhol, de ensaios clínicos randomizados que estudassem programas de treino de equilíbrio para pacientes de ambos os géneros, com idades compreendidas entre os 30 e os 80 anos e que tivessem sofrido AVC. Resultados: foram selecionados 20 artigos que contemplam os critérios de inclusão, sendo que cada um desses estudos possui diferentes protocolos de tratamento de fisioterapia para o equilíbrio: treino motor intensivo; simulação de equitação; treino em passadeira; jogos ativos; treino de transferência de peso numa superfície instável; treino com restrição visual e base instável de formação de dupla tarefa; estimulação elétrica funcional; treino de controlo postural; treino de seletividade do movimento; realidade virtual; exercícios de equilíbrio e estabilidade; vibração de corpo inteiro e fortalecimento muscular. Conclusão: Os resultados apresentados nos estudos relataram progressos positivos após as intervenções.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Stroke is the sudden interruption of cerebral blood flow. The main changes generated by the stroke are changes in motor function as tone disorders, presence of associated reactions and loss of postural control mechanism. After stroke physical therapy is important as it promotes the re-education of uncoordinated movements and postural balance. Objective: To conduct a literature review of the main physical therapy treatments for balance in post stroke patients. Methodology: A search on Medline database was conducted with the keywords: Stroke, postural balance, "postural control," postural stability and physiotherapy. Our search included articles published between 1st January 2010 and 31st March 2015, in English, Portuguese or Spanish, of randomized clinical trials that studied balance training programs for patients of both genders, aged 30 to 80 years, who have suffered stroke. Results: 20 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria. Different physiotherapy treatment protocols for balance were identified: intensive training engine; riding simulation; workout on treadmill; active games; weight transfer training on an unstable surface; training with visual restriction and unstable base of dual task of training; Functional electrical stimulation; postural control training; movement of selectivity training; virtual reality; exercise balance and stability; whole-body vibration and muscle strengthening. Conclusion: The results presented in the studies reported positive progress after the interventions.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Stroke is the sudden interruption of cerebral blood flow. The main changes generated by the stroke are changes in motor function as tone disorders, presence of associated reactions and loss of postural control mechanism. After stroke physical therapy is important as it promotes the re-education of uncoordinated movements and postural balance. Objective: To conduct a literature review of the main physical therapy treatments for balance in post stroke patients. Methodology: A search on Medline database was conducted with the keywords: Stroke, postural balance, "postural control," postural stability and physiotherapy. Our search included articles published between 1st January 2010 and 31st March 2015, in English, Portuguese or Spanish, of randomized clinical trials that studied balance training programs for patients of both genders, aged 30 to 80 years, who have suffered stroke. Results: 20 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria. Different physiotherapy treatment protocols for balance were identified: intensive training engine; riding simulation; workout on treadmill; active games; weight transfer training on an unstable surface; training with visual restriction and unstable base of dual task of training; Functional electrical stimulation; postural control training; movement of selectivity training; virtual reality; exercise balance and stability; whole-body vibration and muscle strengthening. Conclusion: The results presented in the studies reported positive progress after the interventions.
Description
Mestrado em Fisioterapia
Keywords
Fisioterapia Medicina de reabilitação AVC Equilíbrio postural Controlo postural Estabilidade Physiotherapy Rehabilitation Stroke Postural balance Postural control Stability
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Freitas AI. Efeito do treino de equilíbrio em pacientes pós AVC: uma revisão de literatura [Dissertation]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2016.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa