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Abstract(s)
Karlheinz Stockhausen foi considerado um dos mais conceituados compositores do séc. XX. Este tem uma extensa lista de composições para instrumentos a solo, música de câmara, orquestra e coros. Para clarinete, destacam-se In Freundschaft e HARLEKIN, que foram dedicadas a uma grande amiga do compositor, Suzanne Stephens. Desde 1974, esta conceituada clarinetista americana tem vindo a estrear as obras que Stockhausen compôs para clarinete, cor de basset e clarinete baixo.
A obra HARLEKIN de Stockhausen é uma das obras de referência do séc. XX para clarinete solo. HARLEKIN é uma obra diferente dentro do repertório clarinetístico pois carateriza o famoso palhaço Arlequim, proveniente da tão conceituada Commedia dell’Arte, que teve origem em Itália no séc. XVI. A Commedia dell’Arte era relacionada com a arte da pantomima e improvisação por parte dos seus atores que apresentavam os seus espetáculos pela Europa fora e em quaisquer sítios, tais como: feiras, ruas, praças e salões de palácios, que muitas vezes não tinham qualquer cenário de apresentação.
HARLEKIN é uma obra que requer muito do intérprete a nível físico, técnico e também psicológico. É uma obra que pela sua duração de 45’ exige que o intérprete dance, salte, execute sapateado, faça pantomima e recrie cada uma das sete personagens que vão aparecendo ao longo da obra. A nível técnico é bastante exigente pois grande parte da obra é tocada no registo agudo do clarinete, o que implica um grande domínio do mesmo. Exige também vários efeitos no clarinete, como por exemplo: respiração circular, glissandos com e sem ritmo, flatterzung e acordes de harmónicos, que não são fáceis de fazer e têm necessidade de uma preparação específica e conhecimento sobre cada um destes efeitos. A obra apresenta sete personagens distintas em relação a estados de espírito, movimento e nível musical, onde são introduzidos todos os elementos anteriormente falados. Esta obra é uma viagem com sete personagens que levam o público para sítios e estados de espírito diferentes.
ABSTRACT - Karlheinz Stockhausen was considered one of the most renowned composers in the twenthieth century. He has an extensive list of compositions for solo instruments, chamber music, orchestra and choirs. For clarinet, stand out In Freundschaft and HARLEKIN, who were dedicated to a great friend of the composer, Suzanne Stephens. Since 1974, this renowned american clarinetist, she has premiered the Stockhausen pieces for clarinet, basset horn and bass clarinet. The piece HARLEKIN by Stockhausen is one of the reference pieces of the XX century for solo clarinet. HARLEKIN is a different piece inside the clarinetistic repertoire, as it features the famous clown Harlequin, from the so conceptualized Commedia dell’Arte, which was originated in the sixteenth century. The Commedia dell’Arte was related with pantomime and improvisations’s art from their actors that had spectacles in europe and other many places, such as: fairs, streets, squares and palaces halls, which often had no presentation scenario. HARLEKIN is a piece that requires a lot of physical, technical and psychological interpretation. Is a piece which his duration is about 45’ and requires from the player to dance, jump, do tap dancing and pantomime and recriate each character that will appear in the piece. The technical level of the piece is quite demanding because big part of the piece is played on the high register of the clarinet and its necessary to have domain in the instrument. Also requires various effects on the clarinet, such as: circular breathing, glissandos with and without rythm, flatterzung and overtone chords, which are not easy to do, which need a certain preparation and knowledge of each one. The piece present seven different characters in relation of states of mind, movement and musical level, where are introduced all the elements previously spoken. The piece is a travel with seven characters that lead the public to different places and states of mind.
ABSTRACT - Karlheinz Stockhausen was considered one of the most renowned composers in the twenthieth century. He has an extensive list of compositions for solo instruments, chamber music, orchestra and choirs. For clarinet, stand out In Freundschaft and HARLEKIN, who were dedicated to a great friend of the composer, Suzanne Stephens. Since 1974, this renowned american clarinetist, she has premiered the Stockhausen pieces for clarinet, basset horn and bass clarinet. The piece HARLEKIN by Stockhausen is one of the reference pieces of the XX century for solo clarinet. HARLEKIN is a different piece inside the clarinetistic repertoire, as it features the famous clown Harlequin, from the so conceptualized Commedia dell’Arte, which was originated in the sixteenth century. The Commedia dell’Arte was related with pantomime and improvisations’s art from their actors that had spectacles in europe and other many places, such as: fairs, streets, squares and palaces halls, which often had no presentation scenario. HARLEKIN is a piece that requires a lot of physical, technical and psychological interpretation. Is a piece which his duration is about 45’ and requires from the player to dance, jump, do tap dancing and pantomime and recriate each character that will appear in the piece. The technical level of the piece is quite demanding because big part of the piece is played on the high register of the clarinet and its necessary to have domain in the instrument. Also requires various effects on the clarinet, such as: circular breathing, glissandos with and without rythm, flatterzung and overtone chords, which are not easy to do, which need a certain preparation and knowledge of each one. The piece present seven different characters in relation of states of mind, movement and musical level, where are introduced all the elements previously spoken. The piece is a travel with seven characters that lead the public to different places and states of mind.
Description
Mestrado em Música
Keywords
Karlheinz Stockhausen Harlekin Arlequim Clarinete Clarinet
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa - Escola Superior de Música de Lisboa