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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este trabalho visa a modelação multicorpo da colisão de comboios com o objetivo de
permitir efetuar simulações da colisão, de modo a observar os fenómenos de absorção de
energia, de modo a permitir uma redução dos custos computacionais, mas também dos custos
com testes reais. O modelo desenvolvido replica de forma bastante correta uma colisão,
podendo servir para análise da colisão.
O modelo desenvolvido tem por base um modelo real, sendo este modelo constituído por
carruagens, onde uma das carruagens apresenta uma dada velocidade inicial enquanto as outras
se encontram em repouso, e buffers, sendo estes últimos estruturas de absorção de energia, estas
estruturas encontram-se acopladas às carruagens por molas não lineares. Uma vez que os
resultados dependem da curva de rigidez das molas é relativamente simples alterar as
características do modelo de modo a simular diferentes tipo de colisão a diferentes velocidades
e com diferentes massas.
Uma vez que se verifica que quando existe o impacto entre carruagens, não existe recuo
do corpo que se encontra inicialmente em movimento, é necessário garantir que o mesmo se
verifica nas simulações, esta situação apresentou um grande desafio de simulação, sendo que
foram necessárias várias tentativas e modelos, de modo a conseguir replicar o melhor possível
este fenómeno.
Este projeto oferece uma ferramenta de análise da colisão de carruagens, sendo que a
utilização do modelo desenvolvido pode ser útil no projeto e fabrico de carruagens, bem como
em projetos de segurança passiva de passageiros.
This paper aims the multibody modeling of railway collisions, with the purpose of allow collision simulations, in order to observe the energy absorption phenomena, in order to allow reducing the computing cost, and real test cost as well. The model was developed to replicate quite accurately a collision and can be used for collision analysis. The developed model was based on a real model, being this model was made by carriages, where one of them has an initial velocity while the others are at rest, the model also have buffers, wich are structures for energy absorption, these structures are coupled to the carriages by nonlinear springs. Since the results depend on the springs stiffness curve it is relatively simple to change the characteristics of the model in order to simulate different types of collision, at different velocities with different masses. Since it is found that when there is an impact between carriages there is no recoil of the body that was initially moving, it is necessary to ensure this is what happens in the simulations, this situation presented a big challenge, and several models and trials was made in order to replicate this phenomenon as best as possible. This project offers a different railway crash analysis tool, and the use of the developed model can be useful in the project and manufacture of rail carriages, as well as passive passenger safety projects.
This paper aims the multibody modeling of railway collisions, with the purpose of allow collision simulations, in order to observe the energy absorption phenomena, in order to allow reducing the computing cost, and real test cost as well. The model was developed to replicate quite accurately a collision and can be used for collision analysis. The developed model was based on a real model, being this model was made by carriages, where one of them has an initial velocity while the others are at rest, the model also have buffers, wich are structures for energy absorption, these structures are coupled to the carriages by nonlinear springs. Since the results depend on the springs stiffness curve it is relatively simple to change the characteristics of the model in order to simulate different types of collision, at different velocities with different masses. Since it is found that when there is an impact between carriages there is no recoil of the body that was initially moving, it is necessary to ensure this is what happens in the simulations, this situation presented a big challenge, and several models and trials was made in order to replicate this phenomenon as best as possible. This project offers a different railway crash analysis tool, and the use of the developed model can be useful in the project and manufacture of rail carriages, as well as passive passenger safety projects.
Description
Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Keywords
Sistemas multicorpo Multibody systems Segurança passiva Passive safety Comboios Trains Colisão ferroviária Railway collision Resistência ao impacto Crashworthiness
Pedagogical Context
Citation
FRANCISCO, Helder dos Santos e - Análise dinâmica de colisão de comboios para projeto de segurança passiva. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2019. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa