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A presente dissertação visa aprofundar a compreensão do princípio da proporcionalidade no domínio jurídico, examinando as suas implicações teóricas, metodológicas e práticas a partir de uma perspetiva sistemática e comparada do conceito. Com isto, pretende-se delimitar com rigor conceptual o princípio, definindo os critérios objetivos que orientam a sua aplicação e avaliando criticamente a sua respetiva execução jurisprudencial. Esta investigação adota uma abordagem qualitativa, baseada em estudos de caso e na comparação entre diferentes sistemas jurídicos e constitucionais, com o propósito de identificar padrões interpretativos, desafios aplicativos e possíveis inconsistências, por parte dos tribunais, na utilização deste princípio. Os resultados esperados consistem em contributos relevantes para o aperfeiçoamento das metodologias de ponderação jurídica, a promoção de decisões judiciais mais coerentes e a consolidação da proteção efetiva dos direitos fundamentais. Ao articular fundamentos teóricos e perspetivas interdisciplinares, esta dissertação pretende oferecer um contributo significativo para o debate académico e para o desenvolvimento de práticas jurídicas mais racionais, equitativas e conformes aos valores estruturantes do Estado de Direito.
This dissertation aims to deepen understanding the principle of proportionality in the legal field, examining its theoretical, methodological, and practical implications from a systematic and comparative perspective of the concept. The aim is to rigorously define the principle, establishing the objective criteria that guide its application and critically evaluating its implementation in case law. This research adopts a qualitative approach, based on case studies and comparisons between different legal and constitutional systems, with the aim of identifying interpretative patterns, application challenges, and possible inconsistencies on the part of the courts in the use of this principle. The expected results consist of relevant contributions to the improvement of legal weighing methodologies, the promotion of more consistent judicial decisions, and the consolidation of the effective protection of fundamental rights. By articulating theoretical foundations and interdisciplinary perspectives, this dissertation expects to offer a significant contribution to academic debate and to the development of more rational and equitable legal practices that are in line with the fundamental values of the rule of law.
This dissertation aims to deepen understanding the principle of proportionality in the legal field, examining its theoretical, methodological, and practical implications from a systematic and comparative perspective of the concept. The aim is to rigorously define the principle, establishing the objective criteria that guide its application and critically evaluating its implementation in case law. This research adopts a qualitative approach, based on case studies and comparisons between different legal and constitutional systems, with the aim of identifying interpretative patterns, application challenges, and possible inconsistencies on the part of the courts in the use of this principle. The expected results consist of relevant contributions to the improvement of legal weighing methodologies, the promotion of more consistent judicial decisions, and the consolidation of the effective protection of fundamental rights. By articulating theoretical foundations and interdisciplinary perspectives, this dissertation expects to offer a significant contribution to academic debate and to the development of more rational and equitable legal practices that are in line with the fundamental values of the rule of law.
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Proporcionalidade Direitos fundamentais Jurisprudência Equilíbrio Interdisciplinaridade Estado de Direito Proportionality Fundamental rights Jurisprudence Balance Interdisciplinarity Rule of Law