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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A degeneração progressiva dos neurónios do Locus Coeruleus (LC) associada à diminuição de recetores adrenérgicos, alvos da Noradrenalina (NA), conduz a uma diminuição da função cerebral, provocando uma baixa resposta hemodinâmica e atividade neuronal. A disfunção noradrenérgica pode, ainda, interromper a capacidade de monitorizar estímulos externos e alterar o processo cognitivo da atenção, como acontece na Doença de Alzheimer (AD) e na Doença de Parkinson (PD). Objetivos: A investigação procurou unir estudos estruturais e funcionais do LC, incluindo estudos pupilométricos na avaliação da atenção seletiva visual, que atendessem à resposta cerebral bem como à progressão da doença, com a finalidade de correlacionar o processo cognitivo de atenção com a imagem obtida por RM do LC. Métodos: O desenho de estudo é de carácter descritivo, secundário, de recuperação e análise crítica da literatura. A estratégia de pesquisa foi desenvolvida para encontrar todos os potenciais artigos relevantes num conjunto de fontes, como: as bases de dados bibliográficas de biomedicina; bases de registos de ensaios clínicos randomizados e quase randomizados; repositórios científicos e sites agregadores de bases bibliográficas. Resultados: Após uma pesquisa em diferentes bases de dados, 59 estudos foram selecionados para esta revisão sistemática, dos quais 42 foram incluídos na síntese qualitativa. Estudos que avaliaram o LC por RM demonstram variações morfológicas dependentes da idade e estudos funcionais, juntamente com testes pupilométricos, apresentaram alterações na neuromodulação percutindo-se na seletividade da atenção. Conclusões: A compilação da análise dos estudos forneceu dados para o estudo do LC e a relação com o processo cognitivo de atenção. Cientificamente, todos os aspetos morfológicos e funcionais sugerem possibilitar a análise da disfunção noradrenérgica sob o campo da imagem de RM para compreender a incapacidade do LC em monitorizar estímulos externos e alterar o processo cognitivo da atenção.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: The progressive degeneration of Locus Coeruleus (LC) neurons associated with a decrease in adrenergic receptors, targets of Noradrenaline (NA), leads to a decrease in brain function, causing a low hemodynamic response and neuronal activity. Noradrenergic dysfunction can also interrupt the ability to monitor external stimuli and alter the cognitive process of attention, as in AD and PD. Objectives: The investigation sought to unite LC structural and functional studies, including pupillometric studies in the assessment of visual selective attention, which address the brain response as well as disease progression, in order to correlate the cognitive process of attention with the MR image of the LC. Methods: The study design is descriptive, secondary, of recovery, and critical analysis of the literature. The research strategy was developed with high sensitivity to find all potentially relevant articles in a set of sources, such as bibliographic databases on biomedicine; a database of randomized and quasi-randomized clinical trials; scientific repositories, and websites aggregating bibliographic bases. Results: After a search in different databases, 59 studies were selected for this systematic review, and 42 were included in the qualitative synthesis. Studies that evaluated LC by MRI demonstrate age-dependent morphological variations and functional studies, together with pupillometric tests, showed alterations in neuromodulation affecting the selectivity of attention. Conclusions: The compilation of the analysis of the studies provided data for the study of LC and its relationship with the cognitive attention process. Scientifically, all morphological and functional aspects suggest enabling the analysis of noradrenergic dysfunction under the field of MRI to understand the LC's inability to monitor external stimuli and change the cognitive process of attention.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: The progressive degeneration of Locus Coeruleus (LC) neurons associated with a decrease in adrenergic receptors, targets of Noradrenaline (NA), leads to a decrease in brain function, causing a low hemodynamic response and neuronal activity. Noradrenergic dysfunction can also interrupt the ability to monitor external stimuli and alter the cognitive process of attention, as in AD and PD. Objectives: The investigation sought to unite LC structural and functional studies, including pupillometric studies in the assessment of visual selective attention, which address the brain response as well as disease progression, in order to correlate the cognitive process of attention with the MR image of the LC. Methods: The study design is descriptive, secondary, of recovery, and critical analysis of the literature. The research strategy was developed with high sensitivity to find all potentially relevant articles in a set of sources, such as bibliographic databases on biomedicine; a database of randomized and quasi-randomized clinical trials; scientific repositories, and websites aggregating bibliographic bases. Results: After a search in different databases, 59 studies were selected for this systematic review, and 42 were included in the qualitative synthesis. Studies that evaluated LC by MRI demonstrate age-dependent morphological variations and functional studies, together with pupillometric tests, showed alterations in neuromodulation affecting the selectivity of attention. Conclusions: The compilation of the analysis of the studies provided data for the study of LC and its relationship with the cognitive attention process. Scientifically, all morphological and functional aspects suggest enabling the analysis of noradrenergic dysfunction under the field of MRI to understand the LC's inability to monitor external stimuli and change the cognitive process of attention.
Description
Mestrado em Radiações Aplicadas às Tecnologias da Saúde. - Área de especialização: Imagem por Ressonância Magnética
Keywords
Ressonância magnética Locus coeruleus Noradrenalina Magnetic resonance Norepinephrine Atenção Attention
Citation
Bulhões MS. Ressonância magnética no estudo do Locus coeruleus e a relação com o processo cognitivo de atenção: revisão sistemática [dissertation]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2021.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa