| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23.45 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
Os problemas ambientais causados pela produção de energia elétrica, através da exploração do
carvão, gás e petróleo, têm potenciando o cumprimento de políticas ambientais estreitas para as
nações minimizarem o impacto ambiental. Assim, surgem as energias renováveis como
alternativa à produção de eletricidade de forma não poluente.
Na esfera das energias renováveis este trabalho dedica-se à energia eólica, que transforma a
energia cinética do vento em energia elétrica. Nesta temática a velocidade do vento tem sido
objeto de vários estudos científicos centrados na modelação da curva de potência, contudo, os
efeitos causados pela direção do vento não têm tido muita notoriedade. Neste contexto, o presente
trabalho foca-se na análise da direção do vento, com o objetivo de verificar o impacto que tem na
curva de potência.
A metodologia adotada incluiu uma análise preliminar aos dados observados, recorrendo à
estatística circular e linear, seguindo-se a identificação das direções predominantes em gráficos
circulares recorrendo a três critérios definidos pelo autor, e, por fim, a investigação do impacto de
cada direção predominante nas duas regiões que compõem a curva de potência.
Assim, nas turbinas que foram alvo de estudo identificou-se três direções predominantes em cada
turbina, que diferem de turbina para turbina, e concluiu-se que os ventos de Norte influenciam a
região 1, os ventos de Sul a região 1 e 2 e são os ventos de Sul, Sudoeste e Sul-sudoeste que mais
influem na produção de energia elétrica, com valores entre os 25 a 36 % da potência total
observada, contribuindo amplamente para a modelação da curva de potência.
Em suma concluiu-se que a direção do vento constitui, sem dúvida, uma parte integrante na
construção da curva de potência, uma vez que a intensidade do vento sentida, nas três direções
predominantes identificadas, contribui entre 64 a 72 %, na região 1, e 20 a 23 %, na região2, da
potência observada, ou seja, da energia produzida.
The environmental problems caused by the production of electric energy, through the burning of fossil fuels (coal, gas and oil), have strengthened environmental policies on the countries to minimize this environmental impact. Thus renewable energies were born as an alternative to the production of electric energy in a non-polluting way. In the field of renewable energies, this work is about wind energy, which transforms a kinetic energy from the wind into electrical energy. In this theme wind speed has been the subject of several scientific studies centered on power curve modeling, however, the effects caused by the direction of the wind have not had much notoriety. In this context, the present work focuses on the analysis of the two regions of the power curve, in order to verify the influence of the wind direction. The adopted methodology included a preliminary analysis of the observed data, using linear and circular statistic, followed by a determination of the predominant directions in rose diagrams using three criteria defined by the author, and, finally, a survey of the impact of each direction in the two regions identified in the power curve. Thus, in the turbines that were object of study, three predominant directions were identified in each turbine, which differ from turbine to turbine, and it was concluded that North winds influence region 1, South wind region 1 and 2 and are the South, Southwest and South-southwest winds that most influence the production of electric energy, with values between 25 and 36% of the total observed power, contributing largely to the modeling of power curve. The main finding is that the direction of the wind is undoubtedly an integral part of the construction of the power curve, since the intensity of the wind felt according to all three different determined directions contributes between 64 and 72%, on region 1, and between 20 and 23 %, on region 2, of the observed power, that is, the produced energy.
The environmental problems caused by the production of electric energy, through the burning of fossil fuels (coal, gas and oil), have strengthened environmental policies on the countries to minimize this environmental impact. Thus renewable energies were born as an alternative to the production of electric energy in a non-polluting way. In the field of renewable energies, this work is about wind energy, which transforms a kinetic energy from the wind into electrical energy. In this theme wind speed has been the subject of several scientific studies centered on power curve modeling, however, the effects caused by the direction of the wind have not had much notoriety. In this context, the present work focuses on the analysis of the two regions of the power curve, in order to verify the influence of the wind direction. The adopted methodology included a preliminary analysis of the observed data, using linear and circular statistic, followed by a determination of the predominant directions in rose diagrams using three criteria defined by the author, and, finally, a survey of the impact of each direction in the two regions identified in the power curve. Thus, in the turbines that were object of study, three predominant directions were identified in each turbine, which differ from turbine to turbine, and it was concluded that North winds influence region 1, South wind region 1 and 2 and are the South, Southwest and South-southwest winds that most influence the production of electric energy, with values between 25 and 36% of the total observed power, contributing largely to the modeling of power curve. The main finding is that the direction of the wind is undoubtedly an integral part of the construction of the power curve, since the intensity of the wind felt according to all three different determined directions contributes between 64 and 72%, on region 1, and between 20 and 23 %, on region 2, of the observed power, that is, the produced energy.
Description
Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Keywords
Energia eólica Wind energy Estatística circular Circular statistic Curva de potência e direção do vento Power curve and wind direction
Citation
MATIAS, Dionísio José Reduto - Aplicação da estatística circular para avaliação da geração de energia elétrica em parques eólicos. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2017. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa