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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A morte política de António de Oliveira Salazar e a consequente sucessão de
Marcelo Caetano foram um bom augúrio para os portugueses. A Primavera Marcelista
trouxe uma esperança a um país debilitado e pouco desenvolvido que, desde 1926, vivia
sob uma ditadura.
Contudo, a tímida abertura foi ineficaz e insuficiente para solucionar os graves
problemas que assolavam o país, nomeadamente o da guerra colonial que se arrastava
desde 1961. Brilhante académico e líder da ala reformista do regime nos anos 50, Caetano
optou pela evolução na continuidade num regime já desgastado. Ao novo Presidente do
Conselho faltou a capacidade de avaliar a realidade nacional e a coragem para proceder a
reformas profundas, nomeadamente no que diz respeito aos meios de comunicação social.
A expectativa de mudança através da criação da nova lei de imprensa saiu gorada e a
imprensa manteve-se dependente do regime. A censura não apenas persistiu como
aperfeiçoou os métodos.
A presente dissertação tem como principal objetivo promover uma reflexão sobre
a censura à imprensa nos anos finais da ditadura portuguesa, através de um estudo de
caso: os artigos escritos por Mário Mesquita para o jornal República, no período de 1971
a 1974. Propomo-nos, através de um corpus de 15 provas de censura, analisar a atuação
da máquina censória, os seus critérios e a escrita como arma na fuga à malha apertada da
censura.
A par da caracterização das práticas censórias no período Marcelista, este estudo
lança também pistas para uma reflexão sobre a correlação entre a imprensa e a política.
ABSTRACT: The political death of António de Oliveira Salazar and the consequent succession of Marcelo Caetano were a good omen for the Portuguese. The Primavera Marcelista brought a fleeting hope to a weakened and underdeveloped country that had been living under a dictatorship since 1926. However, the timid opening was ineffective and insufficient to solve the serious problems that plagued the country, particularly the colonial war that had dragged on since 1961. A brilliant academic and leader of the reformist wing of the regime in the 1950s, Caetano opted for evolution in continuity in a regime already worn out by time. The new President of the Council of the Estado Novo lacked the ability to assessthe national reality and the courage to carry out profound reforms, particularly regarding the media. The expectation of change through the creation of the new press law was a failure and the press remained dependent on the regime. Censorship not only persisted but also perfected the methods. The main purpose of this dissertation isto promote a reflection on press censorship in the final years of the Portuguese dictatorship through a case study: the articles written by Mário Mesquita for the newspaper República, in the period from 1971 to 1974. We propose, through a corpus of 15 censorship tests, to analyze the action of the censorship machine, its criteria and writing as a weapon to escape the tight mesh of censorship. Along with the characterization of censorship practices in the Marcelista period, this study also launches clues for a reflection on the correlation between the press and politics.
ABSTRACT: The political death of António de Oliveira Salazar and the consequent succession of Marcelo Caetano were a good omen for the Portuguese. The Primavera Marcelista brought a fleeting hope to a weakened and underdeveloped country that had been living under a dictatorship since 1926. However, the timid opening was ineffective and insufficient to solve the serious problems that plagued the country, particularly the colonial war that had dragged on since 1961. A brilliant academic and leader of the reformist wing of the regime in the 1950s, Caetano opted for evolution in continuity in a regime already worn out by time. The new President of the Council of the Estado Novo lacked the ability to assessthe national reality and the courage to carry out profound reforms, particularly regarding the media. The expectation of change through the creation of the new press law was a failure and the press remained dependent on the regime. Censorship not only persisted but also perfected the methods. The main purpose of this dissertation isto promote a reflection on press censorship in the final years of the Portuguese dictatorship through a case study: the articles written by Mário Mesquita for the newspaper República, in the period from 1971 to 1974. We propose, through a corpus of 15 censorship tests, to analyze the action of the censorship machine, its criteria and writing as a weapon to escape the tight mesh of censorship. Along with the characterization of censorship practices in the Marcelista period, this study also launches clues for a reflection on the correlation between the press and politics.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Jornalismo.
Keywords
Censura Estado Novo Caetano, Marcelo (1906-1980) Jornalismo Mesquita, Mário António da Mota (1950-2022) Censorship Journalism
Citation
Castanheira, M.C.N.B.J. (2022). Mário Mesquita: A importância da palavra. Jornalismo e censura no final da Ditadura. [Dissertação de mestrado, Escola Superior de Comunicação Social]. Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/15598
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Comunicação Social