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Authors
Abstract(s)
A exposição ao ruído, no local de trabalho, é controlada e devidamente regulamentada, enquanto que as demais exposições ao ruído ambiente não são normalmente contabilizadas, como por exemplo, as viagens entre casa-trabalho-casa. Nestes percursos poderão existir exposições ao ruído impactantes na saúde. Sabe-se que o ruído ambiente contribui negativamente para o bem-estar e saúde humana e pode causar danos no sistema auditivo e efeitos psicológicos, doenças cardiovasculares e alterações do sistema imunitário. Deve-se assim, avaliar a exposição sonora durante as viagens de ida e volta para o trabalho.
O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a exposição ao ruído dos passageiros no Metropolitano de Lisboa, com relação aos níveis de exposição, frequência e intensidade sonora, seguindo a abordagem sugerida pelas respetivas legislações e regulamentações. De forma a potenciar o uso generalizado pelo cidadão comum, foram utilizados equipamentos de fácil acesso, como os smartphones, cujos dados de medição foram validados através de calibração.
O estudo foi realizado em três fases distintas: Etapa 1 (Julho/2020), Etapa 2 (Agosto/2020) e Etapa 3 (Novembro/2020), em que se recolheram medições equivalentes a 30 horas 23 minutos e 17 segundos totais, ou seja, 875.176 dados em dB (A) (FAST e SLOW). Analisados através de cálculos desenvolvidos que revelam 67,8% da média de exposição em viagens pendulares mantiveram-se acima do Valor Limite de Exposição. Níveis relevantes quanto à exposição ao ruído no Metropolitano de Lisboa apontam para a necessidade de abordagem sobre o assunto na ótica das questões relacionadas com a saúde pública. O estudo mostra o excessivo nível de ruído a que os passageiros do Metropolitano de Lisboa são sujeitos em suas viagens.
Noise exposure in the workplace is controlled and properly regulated, while other exposures to environmental noise are not normally accounted for, such as travel between home-work-home. On these routes there may be exposures to noise impacting health. It is known that ambient noise negatively contributes to human well-being and health and can cause damage to the auditory system and psychological effects, cardiovascular diseases and changes in the immune system. Therefore, noise exposure should be assessed during trips to and from work. The objective of this study is to evaluate the noise exposure of passengers in the Metropolitano de Lisboa, in relation to the levels of exposure, frequency and sound intensity, following the approach suggested by the respective laws and regulations. In order to enhance the widespread use by the common citizen, easily accessible equipment such as smartphones were used, whose measurement data were validated through calibration. The study was carried out in three distinct phases: Step 1 (July/2020), Step 2 (August/2020) and Step 3 (November/2020), in which measurements equivalent to 30 hours 23 minutes and 17 seconds total were collected, or that is, 875,176 data in dB(A) (FAST and SLOW). Analyzed through calculations developed that reveal 67.8% of the average exposure on commuting remained above the Exposure Limit Value. Relevant levels of noise exposure in the Metropolitano de Lisboa point to the need to approach the subject from the perspective of issues related to public health. The study shows the excessive level of noise that Metropolitano de Lisboa passengers are subjected to on their journeys.
Noise exposure in the workplace is controlled and properly regulated, while other exposures to environmental noise are not normally accounted for, such as travel between home-work-home. On these routes there may be exposures to noise impacting health. It is known that ambient noise negatively contributes to human well-being and health and can cause damage to the auditory system and psychological effects, cardiovascular diseases and changes in the immune system. Therefore, noise exposure should be assessed during trips to and from work. The objective of this study is to evaluate the noise exposure of passengers in the Metropolitano de Lisboa, in relation to the levels of exposure, frequency and sound intensity, following the approach suggested by the respective laws and regulations. In order to enhance the widespread use by the common citizen, easily accessible equipment such as smartphones were used, whose measurement data were validated through calibration. The study was carried out in three distinct phases: Step 1 (July/2020), Step 2 (August/2020) and Step 3 (November/2020), in which measurements equivalent to 30 hours 23 minutes and 17 seconds total were collected, or that is, 875,176 data in dB(A) (FAST and SLOW). Analyzed through calculations developed that reveal 67.8% of the average exposure on commuting remained above the Exposure Limit Value. Relevant levels of noise exposure in the Metropolitano de Lisboa point to the need to approach the subject from the perspective of issues related to public health. The study shows the excessive level of noise that Metropolitano de Lisboa passengers are subjected to on their journeys.
Description
Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia da Qualidade e Ambiente
Keywords
Ruído não ocupacional Metropolitano de Lisboa Poluição sonora Ruído ambiente Exposição sonora Non-occupational noise Noise pollution Environmental noise Sound exposure
Citation
DELGADO, Bruna Torres – Monitorização do ruído no Metropolitano de Lisboa. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2021. Dissertação de Mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa