| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.57 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
A energia tornou-se um fator crucial para a humanidade continuar o crescimento económico e manter o alto padrão de vida, especialmente após a revolução industrial. Atualmente, a procura por alternativas aos combustíveis fósseis é uma constante e cada vez mais investigação tem vindo a ser desenvolvida nesse âmbito.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a produção de gás de síntese através da eletrólise alcalina da água com recurso a biomassa liquefeita como fonte de carbono, para uma futura produção de combustíveis sintéticos. O gás obtido na eletrólise não é separado e vai, de seguida, ser introduzido num reator com biomassa liquefeita, a diferentes temperaturas. O gás, ao entrar em contacto com a biomassa, liberta-se, originando-se assim um gás de síntese que é uma mistura constituída essencialmente por monóxido de carbono, hidrogénio, dióxido de carbono e ainda alguma quantidade de oxigénio que não reagiu. Deste modo, neste trabalho de investigação estudou-se o comportamento de parâmetros como a temperatura da biomassa e a utilização de diferentes massas de catalisador zeólito Y acidificado. Nestes ensaios verificou-se que para além do gás de síntese, era ainda obtido metano. Este facto tornou esta linha de investigação bastante atraente, sendo que os resultados mais favoráveis foram obtidos ao se realizar o ensaio com a biomassa a 300 C juntamente com 4 g de catalisador. Deste modo obtiveram-se teores volumétricos de metano na ordem dos 35 %. Para além deste catalisador ainda foram realizados ensaios com um catalisador de zeólito Y ultra estabilizado, que não surtiram resultados tão satisfatórios.
Foi seguida uma outra linha de investigação, misturando-se a biomassa liquefeita com o eletrólito e realizaram-se ensaios de eletrólise onde se estudaram diferentes percentagens de biomassa misturadas no eletrólito de NaOH 1,2 M. Esta linha necessita ainda de investigação mais aprofundada por forma a serem otimizadas as condições operacionais.
Energy has become a crucial factor for humanity in order to continue economic growth and maintain a high standard of living, especially after the industrial revolution. Currently, the search for alternatives to fossil fuels is a must and increasingly research has been developed in this area. This thesis is focused on the production of synthesis gas through alkaline electrolysis of water using liquefied biomass as a carbon source for further production of synthetic fuels. The gas obtained from electrolysis is not separated into its constituents and is introduced into a reactor together with liquefied biomass at different temperatures. The gas is released upon contact with the biomass, thus resulting in a synthesis gas which is a mixture consisting essentially of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and also some remains of unreacted oxygen. In this work, the behaviour of operational parameters such as biomass temperature and the use of different masses of acidified zeolite Y catalyst was investigated. In the performed tests it was found that, in addition to the synthesis gas, methane was also obtained. This fact made this research quite interesting, and the most favourable results were obtained by carrying out the biomass test at 300 °C, together with 4 g of catalyst, so, those methane volumetric concentrations were obtained around 35%. In addition to this catalyst, tests with an ultra stabilized Y zeolite catalyst were carried out, which did not produced so interesting results. A further line of investigation was followed by mixing liquefied biomass with the electrolyte, and performing electrolysis tests were carry out, where different percentages of biomass mixed in the 1.2 M NaOH electrolyte were studied. This line still needs further investigation on optimal operating conditions.
Energy has become a crucial factor for humanity in order to continue economic growth and maintain a high standard of living, especially after the industrial revolution. Currently, the search for alternatives to fossil fuels is a must and increasingly research has been developed in this area. This thesis is focused on the production of synthesis gas through alkaline electrolysis of water using liquefied biomass as a carbon source for further production of synthetic fuels. The gas obtained from electrolysis is not separated into its constituents and is introduced into a reactor together with liquefied biomass at different temperatures. The gas is released upon contact with the biomass, thus resulting in a synthesis gas which is a mixture consisting essentially of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and also some remains of unreacted oxygen. In this work, the behaviour of operational parameters such as biomass temperature and the use of different masses of acidified zeolite Y catalyst was investigated. In the performed tests it was found that, in addition to the synthesis gas, methane was also obtained. This fact made this research quite interesting, and the most favourable results were obtained by carrying out the biomass test at 300 °C, together with 4 g of catalyst, so, those methane volumetric concentrations were obtained around 35%. In addition to this catalyst, tests with an ultra stabilized Y zeolite catalyst were carried out, which did not produced so interesting results. A further line of investigation was followed by mixing liquefied biomass with the electrolyte, and performing electrolysis tests were carry out, where different percentages of biomass mixed in the 1.2 M NaOH electrolyte were studied. This line still needs further investigation on optimal operating conditions.
Description
Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Química e Biológica
Keywords
Biomassa liquefeita Liquefied biomass Eletrólise da água Water electrolysis Gás de síntese Synthesis gas Energia renovável Renewable energy
Citation
GONÇALVES, Ana Luísa - Utilização de biomassa liquefeita na produção eletrolítica de gás de síntese. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2017. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa