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- Seasonal deviations in tourist accommodation establishments in Romania and Portugal - a quantitative analysisPublication . Enache, Calcedonia; Mucharreira, Pedro Ribeiro; Antunes, Marina GodinhoThis article aims to characterize the hotel industry in Romania and Portugal. For this purpose, the authors use a set of statistical indicators, also applying the Buys Ballot model. The results show that, between 2015 and 2020, in Romania and Portugal, in the months of June, July, August, September and October the seasonal factor deflected the number of nights spent by domestic tourists over the trend line. Thus, the seasonal factors varied between 0.065 and 0.454 in Romania and between 0.02 and 0.388 in Portugal. It should be mentioned that, in the period 2015-2019, on average, the share of domestic tourists’ overnight stays reached 29.2 percent in Portugal and 79.3 percent in Romania of the total overnight stays, the first country being mainly focused on non-residents tourists originated from EU Member States. Moreover, the GDP per capita at constant 2010 prices stood at EUR 17,628 in Portugal, 2.1 times higher than in Romania. In this context, in the case of hotels and similar accommodation, the turnover had an annual variation rate of 10.8 percent in Romania, compared to 11.6 percent in Portugal. Instead, in 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in Portugal and Romania, domestic tourists held 52.0 percent and 91.8 percent respectively of nights spent in hotels and similar accommodation. These results may allow better decision-making by hotel managers in Portugal and Romania, particularly in this post-pandemic period in which it is necessary to relaunch the strong dynamism that characterized the sector.
- Seasonal deviations in tourist accommodation establishments in Romania and Portugal - a quantitative analysisPublication . Enache, Calcedonia; Mucharreira, Pedro Ribeiro; Antunes, Marina GodinhoThis article aims to characterize the hotel industry in Romania and Portugal. For this purpose, the authors use a set of statistical indicators, also applying the Buys Ballot model. Tourism is considered the most coveted activity in the world, considering the growing number of destinations around the world that have been investing in this activity over the past decades, making it the major driver of socioeconomic progress through the creation of jobs and companies, export revenues and infrastructure development, leading to a continuous expansion and diversification that reveals it as one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world. In this context, it is worth noting the strategic role of the hotel industry (Mucharreira et al., 2019). The macroeconomic context is an extremely important factor for the growth and development of companies, and tourism sector organizations are particularly exposed to economic cycles, namely hospitality companies. In addition to many other factors, seasonality influences tourist demand and consequently financial performance (Mucharreira et al., 2019). The expansion and growth of tourism can also have a strong influence on the business performance of the hotel industry. On the one hand, the expansion of industry or tourism activities directly increases the development of the hotel industry, increasing the occupancy rate and, consequently, sales revenue. On the other hand, the development of tourism can significantly improve the business environment, which has an indirect effect on the business performance of hotel companies (Chen, 2010; Mucharreira et al., 2019). Seasonality is largely considered as a physiological characteristic of tourism, and it has been taken for granted as an inevitable feature of this economic sector of activities, being a factor with very wide-ranging causes and impacts (Cannas, 2012). This research intends to carry out a brief characterization of seasonal deviations in tourist accommodation establishments in Romania and Portugal in recent years, prior to the pandemic crisis. For this purpose, the authors implemented a Buys Ballot Model to characterize the situation of these two countries in the period between 2015 and 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic crisis has severely affected the entire economy, but the tourism sector has been particularly affected. Any pandemic crisis has a social, political and economic impact which put any nation into a difficult state and brings huge challenges to the modern world (Lima Santos et al., 2021; Gambara, Basco and Mucharreira, 2021).