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- Comparing Freshman and doctoral engineering students in design: mapping with a descriptive frameworkPublication . Marques, PedroThis paper reports the results of a study of engineering students' approaches to an open-ended design problem. To carry out this, sketches and interviews were collected from 9 freshmen (first year) and 10 doctoral engineering students, when they designed solutions for orange squeezers. Sketches and interviews were analysed and mapped with a descriptive 'ideation framework' (IF) of the design process, to document and compare their design creativity (Carmona Marques, P., A. Silva, E. Henriques, and C. Magee. 2014. "A Descriptive Framework of the Design Process from a Dual Cognitive Engineering Perspective." International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation 2 (3): 142-164). The results show that the designers worked in a manner largely consistent with the IF for generalisation and specialisation loops. Also, doctoral students produced more alternative solutions during the ideation process. In addition, compared to freshman, doctoral used the generalisation loop of the IF, working at higher levels of abstraction. The iterative nature of design is highlighted during this study - a potential contribution to decrease the gap between both groups in engineering education.
- Integrating business, social, and environmental goals in open innovation through partner selectionPublication . Santos, Ricardo; Soares, José; Marques, Pedro; Navas, Helena; Moleiro Martins, JoséAlthough collaborative networks (CN) are widespread in academia and have come to be even more used in corporations all over the world, they still face several challenges on behalf of the new product development (NPD) context, especially in regard to the selection of the CN’s right partner. This becomes even more evident when it comes to promoting sustainable development goals within a CN’s activities, by selecting the right partners with a wide consensus from a CN’s management board, avoiding, therefore, the subjectivity around managers’ perception of a CN’s partner selection. Therefore, this work attempts to answer this problem, by presenting a soft-computing-based framework, to support the managers’ board on partner search and selection. The method presented here is further assessed by using a case study, based on the development of a green product, where, according to the obtained results, it is demonstrated that the proposed approach is extremely effective for partner selection, by assessing and prioritizing each candidate involved. The most suitable candidate that fulfills the CN’s requirements is then selected to be integrated as a future partner.
- A dynamic methodology for setting up inspection time intervals in conditional preventive maintenancePublication . Assis, Rui; Marques, PedroIn periodic condition monitoring, the main problem lies in determining the inspection time intervals. This paper presents a new method for setting an optimum calendar to inspect a critical component that fails due to wear and tear as described by a Weibull probability function. By considering a set of inspection intervals, such that reliability between every two inspections is kept equal or below a pre-set threshold while keeping the total costs of inspection, degraded production, consequences of failure, and repair to a minimum. The resulting calendar may be adjusted dynamically over time as inspections take place and test results are found to be negative, by considering the inspector's confidence in the test and the likelihood of the method's yielding false negatives. Consequently, the method becomes self-adjustable as it returns a new calendar after the observations of each test are known and properly interpreted. There are several studies that deal with this issue, but none addresses the concept of safe and unsafe time windows which results from merging two other concepts: descendant inspection time intervals and the time delay between a potential failure and a functional failure (the P-F period).