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- Developing an industry 4.0 tool based on a decision support system for the electricity sectorPublication . Domingues, NunoIndustry 4.0 brings together disruptive technologies and methods such as Big Data, Advanced Analytics, Cloud Computing and Internet of Things IoT and means connecting devices, machines and equipment to the internet, interacting with each other and transforming static objects into dynamic elements of an integrated network. The basic foundation of Industry 4.0 in the electrical sector is that through the interconnection of machines, production systems and equipment, companies will have the ability to create intelligent networks along the entire value chain, and thus control and command the production processes independently. The Decision Support System (DSS) described in the present paper simulates an electric system regarding the technical, environmental, social and economical aspects. The DSS is based on a conceptual model that could be adapted for most Countries. The DSS helps to understand the effect of consumer practices, production technology and Government measures on the electricity sector. Computer-based systems are useful to deal with great amount of information. Also, computer-based systems are adequate to organize disperse information. The author developed a DSS based on informatics technologies and applied to showcases and scenarios that can be used for better decision-making.
- Industry 4.0 in maintenance: Using condition monitoring in electric machinesPublication . Domingues, NunoIndustry traditionally considered maintenance as a cost and a necessity to replace equipment and machines, but the path has changed to better focus on maintenance to prevent faults and it was designated as predictive. The ones motivated to take these advantages are faced with two of the biggest barriers: the investment it requires and the difficulty to develop algorithms. The costs of installation are still high, but the avoided costs surpass it. Also, Internet of Things (IoT) has brought a big shift, which is been known as the industry 4.0. One of the potentials in maintenance is the conditioning monitoring. Condition monitoring sensors and devices are now linked to maintenance platforms, providing real-time data. This new connectivity is both more affordable and easier to implement than predictive maintenance. Real-time data allows managers to adjust preventive maintenance plans while providing greater reliability. At the same time, artificial intelligence manages this data to recognize patterns, which is one of the most promising advances in digital reliability. So, regardless of the ability to immediately implement a preventive maintenance plan, condition monitoring is an asset itself. The present paper presents the common faults on electric machines, their effects, their impact on the industry and the main techniques on condition control to prevent them. It is also added the reflection on the use of IoT to enhance the potential of condition control maintenance. The implementation of continuous improvement actions throughout the life of the equipment allows to increase efficiency, either by overcoming weaknesses or by adapting production or operational capacities to processes, production or maintenance, avoiding under maintenance or over maintenance and minimizing operating costs.
- The contribution of natural gas to the paradigm of energy transition In Portugal: economy, continuity of supply and welfarePublication . Domingues, NunoThe present paper presents ananalysis on the role of Natural Gas (NG) in Portugal facing the new requirements.The analyses is based on the economic, societal and environmental aspects, being the major reasons to align the Government strategy, define policies and reproduce the EU directives. The analysesdo notreflect on the pandemic and financial crisis because the author considers that these factors are outside of the energy system and have not been steady along the period in study, thereby it can mislead the conclusions. This study relies mostly on non-empirical research, in which the research adopted both inductive and deductive reasoning to theorize logical assumptions about the Portuguese energy market. Building on reflection and personal observation on the field, the researchers carried out this article by gathering relevant data (i.e., statistics) through critical studies, systematic review of literature and meta-analysis on the theme. Therefore, the methodology used is based mainly on qualitative exploration of secondary sources and data, out of which one will pull out insights. The novelty of the study is to take in consideration all the above factors and produce results that are more adequate to reality, as all of them are interconnected and by changing one of them it will be changes in the remain. The open literature mainly focusses on the economic, the energetic, the social or the environmental aspects and neglects the others. One can conclude that there is economic advantage on efficiently distributing and consuming NG. Also, the impact of NG on a society welfare is positive. Last, the NG brings flexibility to the grid, which is more and more important in the perspective and ambition to increase the share of intermittent renewable energies.
- Natural gas–hydrogen blends to power: equipment adaptation and experimental studyPublication . Valente, Ruben; Costa, Jorge M.; Soares Domingues, Nuno AlexandreAn experimental study was devised to assess the technical, environmental, and economic impact of incorporating hydrogen into natural gas. The experimental tests were conducted on a GUNT ET 792 demonstration unit, characterized by operating on a gas cycle in a twin-shaft configuration. The equipment was adapted to accommodate natural gas and mixtures of natural gas with hydrogen in volumetric fractions of 5%, 10%, and 20%. The tests carried out ensured the viability of using these mixtures from a safety perspective. On the other hand, it was possible to evaluate the main differences in the use of these fuel gases in terms of the temperatures and pressures that characterize the main points of the gas cycle, fuel injection pressures, air/fuel ratios, excess air, power output, overall cycle efficiencies, NOX and CO2 emissions, and operational cost.