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- Features combination for art authentication studies: brushstroke and materials analysis of Amadeo de Souza-CardosoPublication . Montagner, Cristina; Jesus, Rui; Correia, Nuno; Vilarigues, Márcia; Macedo, Rita; Melo, Maria JoãoThis work presents a tool to support authentication studies of paintings attributed to the modernist Portuguese artist Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso (1887-1918). The strategy adopted was to quantify and combine the information extracted from the analysis of the brushstroke with information on the pigments present in the paintings. The brushstroke analysis was performed combining Gabor filter and Scale Invariant Feature Transform. Hyperspectral imaging and elemental analysis were used to compare the materials in the painting with those present in a database of oil paint tubes used by the artist. The outputs of the tool are a quantitative indicator for authenticity, and a mapping image that indicates the areas where materials not coherent with Amadeo's palette were detected, if any. This output is a simple and effective way of assessing the results of the system. The method was tested in twelve paintings obtaining promising results.
- Using deep learning techniques for authentication of Amadeo de Souza Cardoso paintings and drawingsPublication . Chen, Ailin; Jesus, Rui; Villarigues, MárciaThis paper investigates the application of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), AlexNet, on the authentication of paintings by different artists, including Portuguese painter Amadeo de Souza Cardoso, Chinese painter Daqian Zhang and Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh. The research is motivated by the studies on the identification of the works by Amadeo based on the painter’s brushstroke implementing Machine Learning algorithms combined with material analysis. The employment of CNN intends to improve the performance of the brushstroke analysis and increase the accuracy while authenticating an artist’ works. The results show that the implementation of AlexNet produces higher accuracies than its counterparts applying previous brushstroke analysis. Notably, when Amadeo drawings are included in the testing based on Amadeo paintings, the accuracies obtained with the original algorithm drop substantially, whilst the counterparts attained with AlexNet improved considerably. However, when other testing sets are introduced, especially the Chinese paintings, the accuracies show a great increase with the original algorithm but a significant decrease with AlexNet. It implies that AlexNet surpasses the traditional computation through learning by examples; it can potentially solve the problem of limited number of artworks by a specific artist for training.
- Authentication of Art: assessing the performance of a machine learning based authentication methodPublication . Chen, Ailin; Jesus, Rui; Vilarigues, MárciaThis paper compares the test results generated by applying the method for the authentication of paintings by Portuguese artist Amadeo de Souza Car-doso in the interest of exploring the generalisation properties of the algorithm on other artists or genres. This sets the base for the method to be improved and de-veloped accordingly in future applications for a broader audience in a wider set-ting. The obtained results show that the classifier obtained from the algorithm using paintings appears not to be directly applicable to drawings of the same art-ist. When the classifier is retrained for a different genre like Chinese paintings or artists like van Gogh, the algorithm appears to perform as well as the classifier on Amadeo paintings, i.e. the algorithm is sufficient for the classification of a specific type of artist or genre.