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- A new approach for agile teams' allocation in open innovation projectsPublication . Anes, Vitor; Abreu, António; Dias, Ana; Calado, João Manuel FerreiraDue to constant change in the marketplace, it can be difficult for companies to secure the material, human, and technological resources necessary for competitive innovation activities. In this sense, and to overcome these constraints, the open innovation model is a quite successful approach, where the sharing of resources among companies allows the formation of an innovation ecosystem. However, the execution time of these projects can be negatively affected if the performance of each work team is not taken into account. In this work, the application of the agile approach in open innovation projects is proposed as a way to reduce the uncertainty both in the execution time of the projects and in the respective implementation costs. In this sense, a methodology for optimal team assignment for agile teams in open innovation projects according to their performance on each project task is developed to determine the optimal team assignment that leads to the shortest project execution time. This methodology will support decision making in the project management of open innovation projects, especially in the selection of the internal and external work teams that will participate in a given innovation project. The application of the proposed methodology is illustrated with an example describing and analyzing the different steps of its application. The results show that with the proposed methodology it is possible to take into account the performance of each team when calculating the project execution time and that the project execution time varies depending on the assignment of the agile teams to the project tasks. It is also shown that it is possible to determine the optimal assignment with the shortest project execution time.
- A new risk assessment approach for agile projectsPublication . Anes, Vitor; Abreu, António; Santos, RicardoAgile is a successful project management mindset developed by the software industry which recently has been extrapolated for other industries. This mindset has been promoting the use and development of several tools that aim to minimize risks associated to the project output, i.e., in Agile the user requirements are the major priority and the risk associated to these requirements is strongly mitigated using tools like Scrum or Kanban. However, risk analysis in Agile projects has an implicit nature without well-defined and systematic methods. This feature was inherited from the software industry where this implicit approach works well, but for industries diferente from those that develop software it creates serious drawbacks. In fact, the risk associated to the project itself, or in other words, the risk associated to the Agile team capability to implement and manage a given project is not explicitly analyzed in Agile methods. Moreover, the Agile risk mitigation approach do not consider this important point of view in risk management. In this sense, important risk factors have been omitted, risk factors such as scope creep, unrealistic expectations, lack of cooperation, or lack of communication are some of these factors that have been overlooked despite their strong impact on Agile projects. This paper proposes a new approach to perform risk assessment and management of Agile projects. The approach comprises a set of qualitative risk tools inline with the Agile way of doing things, i.e., the proposed model does not jeopardize the flexibility found in Agile methods so appreciated by Agile team members, but at the same time, the proposed model introduces a systematic way of risk analysis which absence in Agile projects has been criticize in literature.