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- Personalizing total quality management strategies for transfusion services: integrating artificial intelligence, Big Data, and the SoHO frameworkPublication . Pereira, PauloOver the past three decades, Total Quality Management (TQM) has evolved from a management philosophy rooted in industrial engineering to a foundational paradigm in healthcare and transfusion medicine. Initially designed to optimize production consistency, reduce waste, and enhance customer satisfaction, TQM has been progressively adapted to the complex, high-stakes environment of blood establishments and transfusion services, where patient and donor safety are inseparable from process quality and regulatory compliance. The implementation of TQM in transfusion medicine has traditionally relied on statistical process control (SPC), process capability assessment, and continuous improvement cycles, ensuring that blood components meet specifications defined by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM) and national competent authorities. These methods, rooted in classical quality engineering, have proven effective for standardization but are now being challenged by the growing complexity of data generated across the blood chain - from donor screening and laboratory testing to storage and clinical use.
- As perceções de justiça organizacional relativas à avaliação de desempenho e o seu impacto na satisfação no trabalho – a influência da variável géneroPublication . Mateus, Ana Carolina Pereira; Sotomayor, Ana MariaNum mundo cada vez mais tecnológico, as alterações tecnológicas, sociais e económicas são constantes e, o setor bancário vê-se obrigado a redefinir alguns padrões, com maior enfoque nas condições de trabalho. Atualmente, diversas instituições em Portugal apresentam vários desafios, em que a inovação tecnológica está a dar origem a uma nova economia e a novas formas de fazer negócio, o relacionamento e a confiança com os colaboradores são bastante importantes, uma vez que são um dos principais pilares das organizações. Deste modo, percebermos como o seu desempenho, comportamento e modo como percecionam a sua avaliação de desempenho são aspetos fundamentais e refletem-se nos resultados. Na presente investigação é efetuada uma revisão de literatura sobre as temáticas da justiça organizacional e as suas dimensões, bem como da avaliação de desempenho, tendo como principal objetivo identificar o modo como as perceções da justiça organizacional relativas à avaliação de desempenho influenciam a satisfação dos trabalhadores. De igual modo pretende-se aferir se a variável género tem algum impacto nesta relação, uma vez que ainda não há consenso entre os investigadores sobre a questão de saber se as variáveis demográficas (e a variável género em particular) afetam a relação entre a satisfação no trabalho e as dimensões de justiça organizacional. A metodologia de investigação é caracterizada por um estudo aplicado aleatoriamente a diversos trabalhadores de instituições e profissões distintas. Foi aplicado um questionário elaborado através da plataforma Google Forms e divulgado online com o link nas redes sociais (WhatsApp, Facebook e LinkedIn), durante o período de 07 a 21 de agosto de 2025, tendo-se obtido um total de 117 respostas. Os dados obtidos foram sujeitos a uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa, tendo-se concluído que a satisfação no trabalho é influenciada por uma das dimensões de justiça organizacional, mais especificamente a justiça distributiva, corroborando as conclusões de outros autores e evidenciando o seu papel determinante no contexto específico da avaliação de desempenho. A variável género afeta o modo como as perceções de justiça organizacional relativas à avaliação de desempenho influenciam a satisfação no trabalho, desde que se considere um nível de significância de 10%. Caso se for aceite 5% esta não afeta o modo como as perceções de justiça organizacional relativas à avaliação de desempenho influenciam a satisfação no trabalho.
- Papel da liderança na resolução de conflitos laborais – estudo de caso SonangolPublication . Ferreira, Márcia Tânia de Almeida; Moleiro Martins, JoséO presente trabalho aborda o papel da liderança na resolução de conflitos laborais. Ao longo dos tempos, sempre existiu uma preocupação em delimitar o campo da liderança e da resolução de conflitos laborais. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é: Avaliar o papel da liderança na resolução de conflitos laborais, tendo como questão central: Qual é o papel da liderança na resolução de conflitos laborais? Quanto aos métodos de investigação, o estudo adota o método histórico, que baseia-se na análise de dados passados. No que concerne aos tipos de pesquisa, é uma pesquisa aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e documental, sendo um estudo de caso. O objetivo do presente trabalho é compreender se o papel da liderança na resolução de conflitos laborais tem um impacto positivo na produtividade organizacional e no fortalecimento das relações interpessoais.
- From scans to steps: elevating stroke rehabilitation with 3D-printed ankle-foot orthosesPublication . Silva, Rui; Morouço, Pedro; Ricardo, Diogo; Campos, Inês; Alves, Nuno; Veloso, António P.Background: The integration of advanced 3D scanning and additive manufacturing technologies in stroke rehabilitation offers promising advancements in the design and production of ankle-foot orthoses. These technological innovations are progressively recognized for their potential to provide more precise and customized orthotic solutions for individuals with stroke-related impairments. Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to biomechanically test and validate the effectiveness of custom ankle-foot orthoses produced through additive manufacturing technology using data captured by a novel photogrammetric scanning system. The customized orthosis was compared with a standard prefabricated orthosis to assess their relative effectiveness in improving gait dynamics and patient satisfaction in stroke rehabilitation. Methods: Participants with equinovarus deformity, a common consequence of stroke, were fitted with custom ankle-foot orthoses, alongside conventional prefabricated orthoses. The study utilized the Qualisys® motion analysis system for comprehensive biomechanical gait analysis, and the QUEST questionnaire was employed to capture participant feedback on both types of orthoses. Detailed comparisons of gait dynamics were conducted using Statistical Parametric Mapping with each orthosis. Results: The study revealed notable kinematic and kinetic differences between the custom and prefabricated orthoses. The custom orthoses demonstrated superior performance in enhancing gait efficiency, symmetry, and safety. Patient feedback favored the customized orthoses over the prefabricated variants, with higher scores in comfort, fit, and overall effectiveness. Conclusions: This research underscores the effectiveness of custom orthoses produced through additive manufacturing technology for stroke rehabilitation. By offering a comprehensive evaluation of orthotic interventions and establishing a comparative framework, the study serves as a reference point for future research, advocating for a more personalized and evidence-based approach in orthotic design for improving the quality of life of stroke survivors.
- Variant calling in genomics: a comparative performance analysis and decision guidePublication . Pinto, Vera; Sousa, Lisete; Silva, Carina; Nejat MahdiehThe accurate detection of genetic variants is critical for advancing genomics research and precision medicine. However, this task remains challenging due to pervasive sequencing errors and complex genomic regions. The choice of variant calling software significantly influences results, creating a need for clear, evidence-based guidance. This study aims to provide a performance evaluation and a clear, evidence-based guide for selecting variant callers by benchmarking seven widely used tools, GATK, FreeBayes, DeepVariant, Samtools, Strelka2, Octopus, and Varscan2, highlighting their algorithmic trade-offs. The well-characterized NA12878 genome from the Genome in a Bottle consortium was analyzed. High-coverage whole-genome sequencing data were processed with each variant caller, and the resulting variant calling files were benchmarked against a gold-standard reference. Performance was assessed using precision, recall, and F1-score on a chromosome 20 subset and on full whole-genome data. The analysis revealed that DeepVariant's deep learning approach achieved the highest precision (0.7869) and F1-score (0.8754) on chromosome 20. For whole-genome analysis, Strelka2 excelled in precision (0.8326), while Octopus demonstrated superior recall (0.9838). FreeBayes exhibited high sensitivity but lower precision, underscoring a key trade-off. There is no universally superior variant caller; the optimal choice depends on the specific research objectives, whether prioritizing precision, recall, or computational efficiency. This study serves as a crucial evidence-based resource for researchers and clinicians, enabling informed tool selection.
- The potential of DNA methylation as a biomarker for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic reviewPublication . Ghannai, Salema; Ribeiro, Edna; Pereira, Bruno; Brito, Miguel; Camacho, PedroAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors, yet its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. DNA methylation, increasingly recognized as a disease indicator, has been linked to AMD and may represent a promising biomarker or therapeutic target. This systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, analyzed 13 studies addressing DNA methylation in AMD populations (2012-2025). Results revealed that 25% reported hypermethylation, 8% hypomethylation, and 41% both patterns, while 15% found no significant differences. Notably, one study described downregulation of DNA methyltransferases in advanced stages compared with early or intermediate AMD. Despite the limited evidence, findings support the relevance of methylation in AMD prognosis and therapy. Further research with robust methodologies is essential to clarify the role of epigenetic mechanisms in disease progression and to explore their potential for guiding targeted therapeutic strategies
- Diaphragm ultrasonography during respiratory manoeuvresPublication . Leote, João; Costa, Carolina; Ferreira, Edgar; Parxotamo, André; Batista, Maria; Loução, Ricardo; Gonzalez, Filipe; Bacariza, Jacobo; Dias, Maria Hermínia Monteiro BritesThis study aimed to describe diaphragm ultrasonography (DU) during mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) in healthy participants. Four participants performed: (i) neurophysiological tests and then (ii) simultaneous DU with P0.1 and MIP. Diaphragm excursion was 2.37 cm (median) during tidal volume of 0.74 L. Additionally, a median diaphragm excursion of 1.25 cm was associated with a median P0.1 of 1.39 cm H2O, while a median diaphragm excursion of 3.10 cm was associated with a median MIP of 125.88 cm H2O. DU showed a hold-back movement during P0.1 and a plateau during MIP, providing novel insights into diaphragm movement with potential clinical practice implications.
- The importance of the internal audit function in the implementation of the general corruption prevention regime in a public higher education institution in PortugalPublication . Alexandre, Vítor; Annes, Maria CarlosThe internal audit function has been assuming an increasingly strategic role in the public sector, keeping pace with evolving legal requirements, societal expectations, and the growing complexity of organizations. In the context of Portuguese Public Higher Education Institutions (IESPP), this function is particularly relevant, not only because of the management autonomy that characterizes these entities, but also because of the diversity of practices and levels of maturity observed across institutions. Recent studies show that the degree of recognition, structuring, and integration of internal audit varies significantly across IESPP, influencing the effectiveness of control mechanisms and the prevention of corruption risks. The implementation of a robust, effective, and risk‑proportionate Internal Control System is an essential requirement for any modern organization, but it becomes especially important in IESPP. These institutions deal daily with complex processes involving thousands of stakeholders — students, faculty, researchers, staff, and external partners — and millions of financial and administrative transactions. The existence of multiple layers of control is crucial to prevent and detect errors, irregularities, corrupt practices, fraud, misappropriation of goods and/or assets, as well as behaviours that may compromise integrity, transparency, and good governance. Within this framework, internal audit — often identified as the 3rd Line of Defense in the international risk management model — stands as a structuring pillar. Its mission to independently and objectively assess the adequacy and effectiveness of management, control, and governance processes makes it a key element in the implementation of the General Corruption Prevention Regime (RGPC). Internal audit contributes not only to ensuring legal compliance but also to promoting an organizational culture oriented toward ethics, accountability, and continuous improvement. The relevance of this function becomes even more evident when considering the financial and social dimensions of IESPP. In 2025, the initial allocations transferred through the State Budget amounted to approximately 1.5 billion euros, while the total institutional budgets, including own revenues, exceeded around 2.9 billion euros, representing roughly 0.5% of Portugal’s GDP. At the same time, these institutions host more than 350,000 students, playing a decisive role in advanced education, scientific research, and the country’s economic and social development. The purpose of this case study is to characterize and highlight the role of internal audit in an IESPP within the context of RGPC implementation. It aims to demonstrate how this function, as an independent consulting and assessment activity, contributes to strengthening confidence in management processes, ensuring regulatory compliance, adding value to operations, and supporting the development of more ethical, transparent, and resilient governance.
- Multi-step short-term solar energy forecasting using Fourier-enhanced BiLSTM and neural additive modelsPublication . Seman, Laio Oriel; Stefenon, Stefano Frizzo; Yow, Kin-Choong; Coelho, Leandro dos Santos; Mariani, Viviana CoccoAccurate short and medium-term forecasting is important for mitigating uncertainty and enabling efficient energy grid management. While traditional machine learning and deep learning models offer improved accuracy, they often lack interpretability. To address these limitations, this study proposes a hybrid forecasting framework, called FNO-BiLSTM-NAM, that combines a Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) to extract spectral–temporal features, a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network to model sequential dependencies, and a Neural Additive Model (NAM) to quantify feature-wise contributions. The model incorporates multi-scenario forecasting to support energy operators under different uncertainty levels. Experiments conducted on a dataset from a 5 MW PhotoVoltaic (PV) plant demonstrate the superiority of the model. For a 6-hour forecast horizon, the proposed FNO-BiLSTM-NAM model achieved a mean absolute error of 0.0712 and mean squared error of 0.0092, outperforming benchmark models across short- to medium-term horizons. Furthermore, the spectral analysis of the FNO revealed low-pass filtering behavior, highlighting the ability of the model to suppress high-frequency noise. Comparative experiments with five machine and deep learning baseline models confirm the robustness and generalization capacity of the framework. These results underscore the potential of the proposed model for enhancing PV energy forecasting accuracy while maintaining transparency across dynamic operating conditions.
- Jornalismo de revistas femininas online em processo revivalista: o caso da MáximaPublication . Bexiga, Margarida Nabais; Cardoso, Fátima LopesA presente investigação pretendeu analisar, identificar e compreender os fatores que estão a condicionar a continuidade do formato impresso das revistas femininas em Portugal, tomando a Máxima como estudo de caso do fenómeno observado no setor. Nesse sentido, procurou-se responder às seguintes perguntas de partida: Quais os fatores que levaram à transição da revista Máxima para o digital? E de que maneira essa reconfiguração traduz as mudanças de produção e conteúdo das publicações de moda e femininas, no panorama português? Aliando a observação empírica, concretizada graças ao estágio realizado na redação da revista Máxima, entre 9 de junho e 29 de agosto de 2025, à análise de conteúdo de sete edições impressas (março, setembro e outubro de 2003 e 2013, bem como o número comemorativo editado em novembro de 2023), e de 23 artigos publicados no site da Máxima, durante o período de estágio, tornou-se possível identificar as tendências editoriais e as alterações que ocorreram ao longo deste período. A investigação conseguiu perceber ainda quais os motivos que justificaram o regresso parcial da revista papel, através de um número anual de aniversário, num contexto marcado pela preferência dos leitores aos meios online. O estudo apresenta algumas possibilidades do que pode ser o futuro das publicações em papel deste género em Portugal, demarcando os modelos sustentáveis e as tendências que poderão assegurar a viabilidade de um setor em constante transformação.