Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2024-01-01"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Reaction path in the mechanosynthesis of calcium phosphates using a biogenic calcium sourcePublication . Ferro, Alberto C.; Seixas, Tomás; Guedes, MafaldaCalcium phosphates were produced by mechanosynthesis, using eggshell, H3PO4 and 6-83 wt%-H2O. Mixtures were milled at 600 rpm during 0.5-12 h. Resulting calcium phosphates occur within specific milling domains; H2O concentration determines onset and stability of monophasic hydroxyapatite. Within the tested conditions, brushite is the first detected calcium phosphate precipitated from solution. In 6, 40 and 56 wt%-H2O, monetite intermediates brushite's transformation to hydroxyapatite; in 71 and 83 wt%-H2O transformation is direct. Hydroxyapatite formation is favoured at the H2O extremes tested, 6 and 83 wt%. CO2 build-up in the confined jar and nucleation-and-growth events during drying are possible obstacles upon control of morphology and composition of synthesised particles. The potential of chicken eggshell as direct biogenic source and the ability of high-energy milling as corresponding processing route to produce calcium phosphates was demonstrated. This signals a route for reliable production of brushite, monetite and hydroxyapatite. A preliminary milling map was built, allowing to obtain desired final product under specific milling conditions.
- Experimental investigation of wave severity and mooring pretension on the operability of a moored tanker in a port terminalPublication . Abdelwahab, Hossam; Pinheiro, Liliana; Santos, João Alfredo; Fortes, Conceição; Guedes Soares, CarlosThis paper investigates the influence of sea severity and mooring line pretension configuration on the operability of a moored vessel at a modified berthing site inside a port. A physical model was constructed to replicate the new layout of the port of Leixo similar to es in Portugal, including bathymetry and a future 300 m extension of Leixo similar to es' north breakwater. A tanker ship model was tested with novel custom-made mooring system simulators for two fenders and four mooring lines under various offshore sea states and pretension configurations. The experiments focus on acquiring wave measurements at multiple spots within the port, ship motions, and loads on lines and fenders. The data is analysed in time and frequency domains to examine the relationship between waves, motions, and loads. The results are then compared to standard operational thresholds to estimate downtime and operability for cargo loading operations. The analysis of the results yields several conclusions. It is recommended to use the zero-peak amplitudes in conjunction with the maximum peak-to-peak amplitudes to ensure accurate operability analysis. The application of small-scale physical modelling for a moored tanker in Leixo similar to es port is a useful tool not only for investigating the feasibility of port modifications in the existing sheltering structures but also for analysing additional soft countermeasures to strengthen operational conditions at the berth. It also provides site-specific experimental data that may help to develop site-specific safety criteria. The applied mooring simulators help to reduce physical model costs.