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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Biodiesel production by methanolysis of semi-refined rapeseed oil was studied over lime based catalysts. In order to improve the catalysts basicity a commercial CaO material was impregnated with aqueous solution of lithium nitrate (Li/Ca = 03 atomic ratio). The catalysts were calcined at 575 degrees C and 800 degrees C, for 5 h, to remove nitrate ions before reaction.
The XRD patterns of the fresh catalysts, including the bare CaO, showed lines ascribable to CaO and Ca(OH)(2). The absence of XRD lines belonging to Li phases confirms the efficient dispersion of Li over CaO.
In the tested condition (W-cat/W-oil = 5%; CH3OH/oil = 12 molar ratio) all the fresh catalysts provided similar biodiesel yields (FAME >93% after 4 h) but the bare CaO catalyst was more stable. The activity decay of the Li modified samples can be related to the enhanced, by the higher basicity, calcium diglyceroxide formation during methanolysis which promotes calcium leaching. The calcination temperature for Li modified catalysts plays an important role since encourages the crystals sinterization which appears to improve the catalyst stability. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Description
Keywords
Biodiesel Lime Catalysts Basicity Lithium Methoxide Diglyceroxide Ca Leaching
Citation
PUNA, Jaime Filipe Borges; [et al] – Biodiesel production over lithium modified lime catalysts: Activity and deactivation. Applied Catalysis A: Generalrnal of Cleaner Production. ISSN: 0926-860X. Vol. 470 (2014), pp. 451-457
Publisher
Elsevier Science BV