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One-pot microwave-assisted synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from tomato industry residues with antioxidant and antibacterial activities

2025-06-10Research article Open access
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authorProfile.emailbiblioteca@isel.pt
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Química
dc.contributor.authorBarata, Patrícia
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Sónia
dc.contributor.authorSemedo, Magda
dc.contributor.authorPrata, José Virgílio
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Alexandra
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-11T07:07:10Z
dc.date.available2025-07-11T07:07:10Z
dc.date.issued2025-06-10
dc.description.abstractTomato waste (TW) was employed as a sustainable source for the synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization (Mw-HTC) method, aiming at its valorization. Several amines were used as nitrogen additives to enhance the fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of CDs, and a set of reaction conditions, including additive/TW mass ratio (0.04–0.32), dwell time (15–60 min), and temperature (200–230 °C) of the HTC process, were scrutinized. The structural analysis of the tomato waste carbon dots (TWCDs) was undertaken by FTIR and 1H NMR techniques, revealing their most relevant features. In solid state, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed the presence of nearly spherical nanoparticles with an average lateral size of 8.1 nm. Likewise, the topographical assessment by atomic force microscopy (AFM) also indicated particles’ heights between 3 and 10 nm. Their photophysical properties, revealed by UV–Vis, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies, are fully discussed. Higher photoluminescent quantum yields (up to 0.08) were attained when the biomass residues were mixed with organic aliphatic amines during the Mw-HTC process. Emission tunability is a characteristic feature of these CDs, which display an intensity average fluorescence lifetime of 8 ns. The new TWCDs demonstrated good antioxidant properties by the ABTS radical cation method (75% inhibition at TWCDs’ concentration of 5 mg/mL), which proved to be related to the dwell time used in the CDs synthesis. Moreover, the synthesized TWCDs suppressed the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations higher than 2000 μg/mL, encouraging future antibacterial applications.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipIPL/2021/NanoMate_ISEL - Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
dc.identifier.citationBarata, P. D., Costa, A. I., Martins, S., Semedo, M. C., Antunes, B. G. & Prata, J. V. (2025). One-pot microwave-assisted synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from tomato industry residues with antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Biomass, 5(2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass5020035
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/biomass5020035
dc.identifier.eissn2673-8783
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/21970
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationUIDB/00616/2020
dc.relationUIDP/00616/2020
dc.relationUIDB/04035/2020
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2673-8783/5/2/35
dc.relation.ispartofseries35
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectCarbon dots
dc.subjectTomato waste
dc.subjectValorization
dc.subjectHydrothermal carbonization
dc.subjectMicrowave-assisted synthesis
dc.subjectFluorescence
dc.subjectAntioxidant capacity
dc.subjectAntibacterial activity
dc.titleOne-pot microwave-assisted synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from tomato industry residues with antioxidant and antibacterial activitieseng
dc.typeresearch article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage19
oaire.citation.issue2
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleBiomass
oaire.citation.volume5
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43
person.familyNameBarata
person.familyNameCosta
person.familyNameMartins
person.familyNameSemedo
person.familyNamePrata
person.familyNameCosta
person.givenNamePatrícia
person.givenNameAlexandra
person.givenNameSónia
person.givenNameMagda
person.givenNameJosé Virgílio
person.givenNameAlexandra
person.identifier1090399
person.identifier1015604
person.identifier1022083
person.identifier191765
person.identifier.ciencia-idC019-9F30-0F99
person.identifier.ciencia-id4212-F7BF-D971
person.identifier.ciencia-id2F17-581A-D4F8
person.identifier.ciencia-id9C11-BD02-C77F
person.identifier.ciencia-idC11A-9130-8981
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8274-633X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5518-6506
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1874-0192
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6330-2899
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9068-2847
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3397-259X
person.identifier.ridA-5945-2011
person.identifier.ridB-7214-2008
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8968446000
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8968446100
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8728101400
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57000381900
person.identifier.scopus-author-id9276778400
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