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Abstract(s)
O estudo de novos materiais para integração em materiais compósitos para aplicações de engenharia, tem crescido largamente nas últimas décadas. Esta procura tem como objetivo proporcionar a substituição de materiais sintéticos por materiais naturais biodegradáveis que tenham desempenhos semelhantes mas tenham menor impacto ambiental. O desenvolvimento de novos materiais compósitos incorporando materiais naturais biodegradáveis permite a redução de sucatas, permitindo a sua reciclagem ou a sua biodegradabilidade diminuindo a pegada ecológica provocada pelo desenvolvimento tecnológico.
Neste contexto, o presente trabalho visou estudar as diferenças existentes nas propriedades mecânicas obtidas nos ensaios de tração de compósitos de fibra de cânhamo e de fibra de vidro produzidos através da moldagem manual com e sem vácuo. Pretendeu-se também analisar a potencialidade de utilização de uma resina biodegradável para o fabrico destes compósitos. A estrutura dos tecidos previamente selecionados bem como a resistência à tração dos fios retirados dos tecidos foram também avaliadas.
O estudo desenvolvido permitiu verificar um melhor desempenho dos compósitos de fibra de vidro em comparação com os compósitos de fibra de cânhamo. Verificou-se ainda que a utilização de vácuo para a produção de compósitos contribui para a existência de alguns defeitos nos compósitos mas no geral melhora as propriedades dos mesmos.
Para além das vantagens do uso de fibras naturais, decorrentes de serem um recurso renovável e biodegradável, também se observou que a fibra de cânhamo confere uma certa plasticidade ao compósito, o que pode ser uma mais valia em diversas aplicações de engenharia.
The study of new materials for integration in composite materials for engineering applications, has grown widely in the last decades. This search aims to provide the substitution of synthetic materials for natural biodegradable materials that have similar performances but have a lower environmental impact. The development of new composite materials incorporating natural biodegradable materials allows the reduction of scrap, allowing its recycling or it is biodegradability reducing the ecological footprint caused by technological development. In this context, the present work aimed to study the differences in mechanical properties obtained in tensile test of hemp fiber and glass fiber composites produced by manual molding with and without vacuum. It was also intended to analyze the potential use of biodegradable resin in the manufacture of these composites. The structure of the previously selected fabric as well as the tensile strength of the yarns, removed from the fabrics, were also evaluated. The study showed a better performance of glass fiber composites compares to hemp fiber composites. It has also been found that the use of vacuum for the production of composites contributes to the existence of some defects in the composites but in general improves the properties thereof. In addition to the advantages of the use of natural fibers as a renewable and biodegradable resource, it was also observed that hemp fiber gives a certain plasticity to the composite, which may be an added value in several engineering applications.
The study of new materials for integration in composite materials for engineering applications, has grown widely in the last decades. This search aims to provide the substitution of synthetic materials for natural biodegradable materials that have similar performances but have a lower environmental impact. The development of new composite materials incorporating natural biodegradable materials allows the reduction of scrap, allowing its recycling or it is biodegradability reducing the ecological footprint caused by technological development. In this context, the present work aimed to study the differences in mechanical properties obtained in tensile test of hemp fiber and glass fiber composites produced by manual molding with and without vacuum. It was also intended to analyze the potential use of biodegradable resin in the manufacture of these composites. The structure of the previously selected fabric as well as the tensile strength of the yarns, removed from the fabrics, were also evaluated. The study showed a better performance of glass fiber composites compares to hemp fiber composites. It has also been found that the use of vacuum for the production of composites contributes to the existence of some defects in the composites but in general improves the properties thereof. In addition to the advantages of the use of natural fibers as a renewable and biodegradable resource, it was also observed that hemp fiber gives a certain plasticity to the composite, which may be an added value in several engineering applications.
Description
Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Keywords
Fibras de cânhamo Hemp fibers Fibras de vidro Glass fibers Matriz polimérica Polymeric matrix Materiais compósitos Composite materials Materiais biodegradáveis Biodegradable materials Microscopia Microscopy Resistência mecânica Mechanical strength
Pedagogical Context
Citation
LOBO, Alexandre Manuel Mendonça Santana - Desenvolvimento de produtos com novos materiais poliméricos biodegradáveis. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2018. Dissertação de mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa