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OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon

2011-11Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorCasimiro Pio
dc.contributor.authorCerqueira, Mario
dc.contributor.authorHarrison, Roy M.
dc.contributor.authorNunes, Teresa
dc.contributor.authorMirante, Fátima
dc.contributor.authorAlves, Célia
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Cesar
dc.contributor.authorSanchez de la Campa, Ana
dc.contributor.authorArtinano, Begona
dc.contributor.authorMatos, Manuel
dc.date.accessioned2013-02-16T16:29:19Z
dc.date.available2013-02-16T16:29:19Z
dc.date.issued2011-11
dc.description.abstractThis study explores a large set of OC and EC measurements in PM(10) and PM(2.5) aerosol samples, undertaken with a long term constant analytical methodology, to evaluate the capability of the OC/EC minimum ratio to represent the ratio between the OC and EC aerosol components resulting from fossil fuel combustion (OC(ff)/EC(ff)). The data set covers a wide geographical area in Europe, but with a particular focus upon Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom, and includes a great variety of sites: urban (background, kerbside and tunnel), industrial, rural and remote. The highest minimum ratios were found in samples from remote and rural sites. Urban background sites have shown spatially and temporally consistent minimum ratios, of around 1.0 for PM(10) and 0.7 for PM(2.5).The consistency of results has suggested that the method could be used as a tool to derive the ratio between OC and EC from fossil fuel combustion and consequently to differentiate OC from primary and secondary sources. To explore this capability, OC and EC measurements were performed in a busy roadway tunnel in central Lisbon. The OC/EC ratio, which reflected the composition of vehicle combustion emissions, was in the range of 03-0.4. Ratios of OC/EC in roadside increment air (roadside minus urban background) in Birmingham, UK also lie within the range 03-0.4. Additional measurements were performed under heavy traffic conditions at two double kerbside sites located in the centre of Lisbon and Madrid. The OC/EC minimum ratios observed at both sites were found to be between those of the tunnel and those of urban background air, suggesting that minimum values commonly obtained for this parameter in open urban atmospheres over-predict the direct emissions of OC(ff) from road transport. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are explored. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.por
dc.identifier.citationPIO, Casimiro; CREQUEIRA, Mario; HARRISON, Roy M.; NUNES, Teresa; MIRANTE, Fátima; ALVES, Célia; OLIVEIRA, Cesar; SANCHEZ de la CAMPA, Ana; ARTIANO, Begona; MATOS, Manuel - OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon. Atmospheric Environment. ISSN 1352-2310. Vol.45, n.º 34 (2011) p. 6121-6132.por
dc.identifier.issn1352-2310
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/2222
dc.language.isoengpor
dc.peerreviewedyespor
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Science LTDpor
dc.subjectOrganic Carbonpor
dc.subjectElemental Carbonpor
dc.subjectOC/EC Ratiopor
dc.subjectSecondary Organic Carbonpor
dc.subjectSize Distributionpor
dc.subjectParticulate Matter Emissionspor
dc.subjectFine-Particle Emissionspor
dc.subjectComposition Distributionspor
dc.subjectElemental Carbonpor
dc.subjectUrban Sitepor
dc.subjectHong-Kongpor
dc.subjectAerosolpor
dc.subjectDieselpor
dc.subjectVehiclespor
dc.subjectExhaustpor
dc.titleOC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbonpor
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.conferencePlaceOxfordpor
oaire.citation.endPage6132por
oaire.citation.issue34por
oaire.citation.startPage6121por
oaire.citation.titleAtmospheric Environmentpor
oaire.citation.volume45por
person.familyNamePio
person.familyNameMirante
person.familyNameMatos
person.givenNameCasimiro
person.givenNameFátima
person.givenNameManuel
person.identifier.ciencia-id6510-B1FA-2AED
person.identifier.ciencia-id521E-94A2-558B
person.identifier.ciencia-id2E14-6146-CC46
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3531-8620
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1952-8214
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5240-8070
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7005222105
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6507807047
person.identifier.scopus-author-id35588347400
rcaap.rightsrestrictedAccesspor
rcaap.typearticlepor
relation.isAuthorOfPublication4cde1d82-9a0e-4e66-aaf3-72a1dc57ed1c
relation.isAuthorOfPublication91d5d3a1-5445-4dff-9378-125ed750d418
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationbb104304-4226-4d6d-babf-a872d11e783b
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery91d5d3a1-5445-4dff-9378-125ed750d418

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