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- Sustainable development, sustainability leadership and firm valuation: differences across EuropePublication . Guia Arraiano, Irene; Miralles-Quirós, María del Mar; Miralles-Quirós, José LuisSustainable development is nowadays a high priority for firms all over the world. Consequently, numerous firms have increased their social responsibility initiatives, reinforcing the credibility and trust of their stakeholders. However, prior research about the relevance of sustainability leadership for the European investment community is scarce. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine whether sustainability leadership – proxied by membership of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index Europe – is value relevant for investors on the 10 major European stock markets over the 2001–2013 period. Our overall results reveal that there exist significant differences across markets. These findings are relevant especially for investors, but also for the managers of listed firms, market regulators and policymakers. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
- Sustainability reporting in Europe: differences in terms of legislation and valuationPublication . Guia Arraiano, Irene; Miralles-Quirós, María del Mar; Miralles-Quirós, José Luis; Sánchez-Hernández, María IsabelOver the past few years, the number of socially responsible companies has been increasing significantly throughout the world and predominantly in Europe. This trend has accelerated the need to provide credibility, and also to create legislation that supports the information provided. As a result, the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) was created with the aim of helping organisations to provide information about sustainability, as well as to assist stakeholders in interpreting it. However, the publication of social responsibility reports represents an additional cost and effort for the companies since it is necessary to provide extra resources and, for this reason, not all companies adopt this measure. Moreover, social responsibility can be a mandatory or voluntary requirement, depending on the country and the rules imposed by the government where the companies operate. In this context, the aim of this study is two-fold. Firstly, we provide a deep analysis about the evolution as well as the similarities and differences among European countries in terms of sustainability reporting over the 2001-2013 period following the GRI criteria. Secondly, we provide evidence about the value relevance of this practice for European firms.