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- On the analysis of compensation correctnessPublication . Vaz, Cátia; Ferreira, CarlaOne fundamental idea of service-oriented computing is that applications should be developed by composing already available services. Due to the long running nature of service interactions, a main challenge in service composition is ensuring correctness of transaction recovery. In this paper, we use a process calculus suitable for modelling long running transactions with a recovery mechanism based on compensations. Within this setting, we discuss and formally state correctness criteria for compensable processes compositions, assuming that each process is correct with respect to transaction recovery. Under our theory, we formally interpret self-healing compositions, that can detect and recover from faults, as correct compositions of compensable processes. Moreover, we develop an automated verification approach and we apply it to an illustrative case study.
- On the expressive power of primitives for compensation handlingPublication . Lanese, Ivan; Vaz, Cátia; Ferreira, CarlaModern software systems have frequently to face unexpected events, reacting so to reach a consistent state. In the field of concurrent and mobile systems (e.g., for web services) the problem is usually tackled using long running transactions and compensations: activities programmed to recover partial executions of long running transactions. We compare the expressive power of different approaches to the specification of those compensations. We consider (i) static recovery, where the compensation is statically defined together with the transaction, (ii) parallel recovery, where the compensation is dynamically built as parallel composition of compensation elements and (iii) general dynamic recovery, where more refined ways of composing compensation elements are provided. We define an encoding of parallel recovery into static recovery enjoying nice compositionality properties, showing that the two approaches have the same expressive power. We also show that no such encoding of general dynamic recovery into static recovery is possible, i.e. general dynamic recovery is strictly more expressive.
- Towards compensation correctness in interactive systemsPublication . Vaz, Cátia; Ferreira, CarlaOne fundamental idea of service-oriented computing is that applications should be developed by composing already available services. Due to the long running nature of service interactions, a main challenge in service composition is ensuring correctness of failure recovery. In this paper, we use a process calculus suitable for modelling long running transactions with a recovery mechanism based on compensations. Within this setting, we discuss and formally state correctness criteria for compensable processes compositions, assuming that each process is correct with respect to failure recovery. Under our theory, we formally interpret self-healing compositions, that can detect and recover from failures, as correct compositions of compensable processes.
- Dynamic recovering of long running transactionsPublication . Vaz, Cátia; Ferreira, Carla; Ravara, AntónioMost business applications rely on the notion of long running transaction as a fundamental building block. This paper presents a calculus for modelling long running transactions within the framework of the π-calculus, with support for compensation as a recovery mechanism. The underlying model of this calculus is the asynchronous polyadic π-calculus, with transaction scopes and dynamic installation of compensation processes. We add to the framework a type system which guarantees that transactions are unequivocally identified, ensuring that upon a failure the correct compensation process is invoked. Moreover, the operational semantics of the calculus ensures both installation and activation of the compensation of a transaction.