Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-07-21"
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- Synthetic tsunami waveform catalogs with kinematic constraintsPublication . Baptista, Maria Ana Carvalho Viana; Miranda, Jorge Miguel; Matias, Luis; Omira, RachidIn this study we present a comprehensive methodology to produce a synthetic tsunami waveform catalogue in the northeast Atlantic, east of the Azores islands. The method uses a synthetic earthquake catalogue compatible with plate kinematic constraints of the area. We use it to assess the tsunami hazard from the transcurrent boundary located between Iberia and the Azores, whose western part is known as the Gloria Fault. This study focuses only on earthquake-generated tsunamis. Moreover, we assume that the time and space distribution of the seismic events is known. To do this, we compute a synthetic earthquake catalogue including all fault parameters needed to characterize the seafloor deformation covering the time span of 20 000 years, which we consider long enough to ensure the representability of earthquake generation on this segment of the plate boundary. The computed time and space rupture distributions are made compatible with global kinematic plate models. We use the tsunami empirical Green's functions to efficiently compute the synthetic tsunami waveforms for the dataset of coastal locations, thus providing the basis for tsunami impact characterization. We present the results in the form of offshore wave heights for all coastal points in the dataset. Our results focus on the northeast Atlantic basin, showing that earthquake-induced tsunamis in the transcurrent segment of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary pose a minor threat to coastal areas north of Portugal and beyond the Strait of Gibraltar. However, in Morocco, the Azores, and the Madeira islands, we can expect wave heights between 0.6 and 0.8 m, leading to precautionary evacuation of coastal areas. The advantages of the method are its easy application to other regions and the low computation effort needed.
- Efeito do priming e do ensino de estratégias morfológicas no desenvolvimento da escritaPublication . Silva, Marta Abreu Ferreira da; Rosa, JoãoA consciência morfológica assume-se como uma competência imperativa para o desenvolvimento da escrita com correção. O presente estudo pretende confrontar o impacto do priming, atuando ao nível do conhecimento implícito, e da intervenção, baseada na instrução explícita acerca da consistência na escrita de palavras cujo radical é idêntico mas a sua pronúncia é distinta. Participaram nesta investigação 21 crianças de uma turma do 3.º ano do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, com idades compreendidas entre os 8 e os 9 anos. Foram aplicadas três provas de escrita, de acordo com três condições experimentais: sem priming, com priming oral e escrito e com priming oral e escrito e intervenção. Foram visados três tipos de palavras baseados nos diferentes pares de sons que se incluem na pronúncia dos radicais das palavras em estudo, mas que se escrevem com um único grafema. Assim, foi avaliada a escrita de oito palavras do tipo u/o, i/e e e/e, cada. Os resultados demonstraram que na prova de escrita realizada após a intervenção e na prova efetuada sob a condição experimental de priming oral e escrito os alunos escrevem significativamente melhor as palavras em estudo, do que sem priming. Adicionalmente, as palavras que as crianças tiveram maior dificuldade em escrever corretamente pertencem ao tipo i/e. A análise dos dados sugere, assim, que quanto mais informação morfológica os alunos têm à sua disposição, maior é a correção escrita das palavras em estudo. Desta forma, a investigação aponta para a conclusão de que a informação morfológica implícita e, principalmente, explícita conduzem ao desenvolvimento da consciência morfológica. O desenvolvimento deste estudo reforça a ideia de que os professores devem recorrer à investigação no sentido de melhorar a sua prática e serem capazes de dar resposta às necessidades dos seus alunos.
- Financialisation and real investment in the European Union: beneficial or prejudicial effects?Publication . Barradas, RicardoThis article presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between financialisation and real investment for non-financial corporations using panel data composed of 27 European Union countries over 19 years (1995 to 2013). On the one hand, financialisation leads to a rise in financial investments, diverting funds from real investments (‘crowding out’ effect); on the other, pressures from shareholders to intensify financial payments restrict the funds available for new real investments. We estimate an aggregate investment equation with the traditional variables (lagged investment, profitability, debt, cost of capital, corporate savings and output growth) and two further measures of financialisation (financial receipts and financial payments). The findings demonstrate that financialisation has damaged real investment in European Union countries, mainly through the channel of financial payments, either by interest or dividend payments. It is also found that the prejudicial effects of financialisation on investment were more severe in the pre-2007 crisis period. It is concluded that financialisation contributed to a slowdown of real investment by 1 to 8 per cent in the full and pre-crisis period, respectively. During the pre-crisis period, financialisation was the main driver of the slowdown of investment in the European Union.