Percorrer por autor "Korkalainen, Merja"
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- Cytotoxic and inflammatory potential of air samples from occupational settings with exposure to organic dustPublication . Viegas, Susana; Aranha Caetano, Liliana; Korkalainen, Merja; Faria, Tiago; Pacífico, Cátia; Carolino, Elisabete; Gomes, Anita Quintal; Viegas, CarlaOrganic dust and related microbial exposures are the main inducers of several respiratory symptoms. Occupational exposure to organic dust is very common and has been reported in diverse settings. In vitro tests using relevant cell cultures can be very useful for characterizing the toxicity of complex mixtures present in the air of occupational environments such as organic dust. In this study, the cell viability and the inflammatory response, as measured by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), were determined in human macrophages derived from THP-1 monocytic cells. These cells were exposed to air samples from five occupational settings known to possess high levels of contamination of organic dust: poultry and swine feed industries, waste sorting, poultry production and slaughterhouses. Additionally, fungi and particle contamination of those settings was studied to better characterize the organic dust composition. All air samples collected from the assessed workplaces caused both cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects. The highest responses were observed in the feed industry, particularly in swine feed production. This study emphasizes the importance of measuring the organic dust/mixture effects in occupational settings and suggests that differences in the organic dust content may result in differences in health effects for exposed workers.
- Effect of microbiome from waste sorting industry in THP-1 cell homeostasis and inflammatory responsesPublication . Viegas, Carla; Aranha Caetano, Liliana; Cox, Jennie; Korkalainen, Merja; Viegas, Susana; Reponen, TinnaOrganic dust and related microbial exposures are the main inducers of several respiratory symptoms and have been reported in diverse occupational settings. In vitro tests using relevant cell cultures can be useful for characterizing the toxicity of complex mixtures present in the air of occupational environments. In this study, cell viability was determined using the cell proliferation test WST-1 and inflammatory responses by ELISA assays measuring the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β. Human macrophages derived from THP-1 monocytic cells were exposed to extracts of 17 filters belonging to the filtration system from forklifts operating in one waste sorting industry located in the Lisbon region and one control filter. Additionally, bacterial and fungal diversity was assessed by RTL Genomics on an Illumina MiSeq with bacterial 16S 515F and 806R sequencing primers and fungal ITS1F and ITS2aR ribosomal DNA primers with 2x300bp chemistry. All filter samples were positive for microbial contamination, for both bacterial (350-1329 operational taxonomic units [OTUs]) and fungal (157-650 OTUs) load. Three filter samples revealed only moderate cytotoxicity in vitro. On average, the reduction in cell viability was between 0-20%, and 35% at the highest. All filter samples caused in vitro proinflammatory effects, regarding the elicited TNFα and IL-1β levels. The highest inflammatory responses were observed in filter samples 1, 4 and 5. A moderate negative correlation was found between bacterial load (OTUs) and inflammatory response for both TNFα (r=-0.61; p=0.02) and IL-1β (r=-0.46; p=0.07). No significant correlation was found between fungal load and inflammatory response in vitro. In light of the results, we should consider that, besides microbiome, others pollutants such as dust, metabolites or particles are probably influencing the increased production of cytokines. These findings corroborate, once more, the importance of considering exposure to complex mixtures in occupational settings. More studies are needed to drive robust conclusions on the effects of exposure to complex mixtures in occupational settings, in order to better estimate health risks for workers.