Browsing by Author "Jakobsen, Lea S."
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- Climate change and aflatoxins exposure in Portugal: could be expect a significant health risk?Publication . Assunção, Ricardo; Martins, Carla; Viegas, Susana; Viegas, Carla; Jakobsen, Lea S.; Pires, Sara; Alvito, PaulaIn recent decades, changes in climate have caused impacts on natural and human systems on all continents and across the oceans. Climate change has become one of the most critical issues for the sustainable development of human societies and the functioning of ecosystems on earth. Portugal in highly vulnerable to climate change impacts due to its Europe south-western geographical situation, mainly through decreasing annual precipitation, more intense extreme weather and climate events. In fact, climate change is considered as one of the biggest global threats to human health of the 21st century and its effects will undoubtedly influence agriculture systems and food safety. Due to the potential impact on the occurrence of food hazards, increased concern has being aroused. [...] Considering the impact of climate change in mycotoxin contamination of food products available in Portugal, the present study aims to discuss the potential influence of climate change in the health risk associated to aflatoxins dietary exposed of Portuguese population.
- Climate change and the health impact of aflatoxins exposure in Portugal: an overviewPublication . Assunção, Ricardo; Martins, Carla; Viegas, Susana; Viegas, Carla; Jakobsen, Lea S.; Pires, Sara; Alvito, PaulaClimate change has been indicated as a driver for food safety issues worldwide, mainly due to the impact on the occurrence of food safety hazards at various stages of the food chain. Mycotoxins, natural contaminants produced by fungi, are among the most important of such hazards. Aflatoxins, which have the highest acute and chronic toxicity of all mycotoxins, assume particular importance. A recent study predicted aflatoxin contamination in maize and wheat crops in Europe within the next 100 years and aflatoxin B1 is predicted to become a food safety issue in Europe, especially in the most probable scenario of climate change (+2 °C). This review discusses the potential influence of climate change on the health risk associated with aflatoxins dietary exposure of Portuguese population. We estimated the burden of disease associated with the current aflatoxin exposure for Portuguese population in terms of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). It is expected that in the future the number of DALYs and the associated cases of hepatocellular carcinoma due to aflatoxins exposure will increase due to climate change. The topics highlighted through this review, including the potential impact on the health of the Portuguese population through the dietary exposure to aflatoxins, should represent an alert for the potential consequences of an incompletely explored perspective of climate change. Politics and decision-makers should be involved and committed to implementing effective measures to deal with climate change issues and to reduce its possible consequences. This review constitutes a contribution to the prioritization of strategies to face the unequal burden of effects of weather-related hazards in Portugal and across Europe.
- Methodological considerations in injury burden of disease studies across Europe: a systematic literature reviewPublication . Charalampous, Periklis; Pallari, Elena; Gorasso, Vanessa; von der Lippe, Elena; Devleesschauwer, Brecht; Pires, Sara M.; Plass, Dietrich; Idavain, Jane; Ngwa, Che Henry; Noguer, Isabel; Padron-Monedero, Alicia; Sarmiento, Rodrigo; Majdan, Marek; Ádám, Balázs; AlKerwi, Ala’a; Cilovic-Lagarija, Seila; Clarsen, Benjamin; Corso, Barbara; Cuschieri, Sarah; Dopelt, Keren; Economou, Mary; Fischer, Florian; Freitas, Alberto; García-González, Juan Manuel; Gazzelloni, Federica; Gkitakou, Artemis; Gulmez, Hakan; Hynds, Paul; Isola, Gaetano; Jakobsen, Lea S.; Kabir, Zubair; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna; Knudsen, Ann Kristin; Konar, Naime Meriç; Ladeira, Carina; Lassen, Brian; Liew, Aaron; Majer, Marjeta; Mechili, Enkeleint A.; Mereke, Alibek; Monasta, Lorenzo; Mondello, Stefania; Morgado, Joana Nazaré; Nena, Evangelia; Ng, Edmond S. W.; Niranjan, Vikram; Nola, Iskra Alexandra; O’Caoimh, Rónán; Petrou, Panagiotis; Pinheiro, Vera; Ortiz, Miguel Reina; Riva, Silvia; Samouda, Hanen; Santos, João Vasco; Santoso, Cornelia Melinda Adi; Milicevic, Milena Santric; Skempes, Dimitrios; Sousa, Ana Catarina; Speybroeck, Niko; Tozija, Fimka; Unim, Brigid; Uysal, Hilal Bektaş; Vaccaro, Fabrizio Giovanni; Varga, Orsolya; Vasic, Milena; Violante, Francesco Saverio; Wyper, Grant M. A.; Polinder, Suzanne; Haagsma, Juanita A.Background: Calculating the disease burden due to injury is complex, as it requires many methodological choices. Until now, an overview of the methodological design choices that have been made in the burden of disease (BoD) studies in injury populations is not available. The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify existing injury BoD studies undertaken across Europe and to comprehensively review the methodological design choices and assumption parameters that have been made to calculate years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD) in these studies. Methods: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the grey literature supplemented by hand-searching, for BoD studies. We included injury BoD studies that quantified the BoD expressed in YLL, YLD, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in countries within the European Region between early 1990 and mid-2021. Results: We retrieved 2,914 results of which 48 performed an injury-specific BoD assessment. Single-country independent and Global Burden of Disease (GBD)-linked injury BoD studies were performed in 11 European countries. Approximately 79% of injury BoD studies reported the BoD by external cause-of-injury. Most independent studies used the incidence-based approach to calculate YLDs. About half of the injury disease burden studies applied disability weights (DWs) developed by the GBD study. Almost all independent injury studies have determined YLL using national life tables. Conclusions: Considerable methodological variation across independent injury BoD assessments was observed; differences were mainly apparent in the design choices and assumption parameters towards injury YLD calculations, implementation of DWs, and the choice of a life table for YLL calculations. The development and use of guidelines for performing and reporting of injury BoD studies are crucial to enhance transparency and comparability of injury BoD estimates across Europe and beyond.
- Risks vs benefits of nuts consumption in Portugal: the balance between preventable myocardial infarctions and the burden of the liver cancer associated to aflatoxin exposurePublication . Assunção, Ricardo; Jakobsen, Lea S.; Alvito, Paula; Carmona, Paulo; Carvalho, Catarina; Lopes, Carla; Martins, Carla; Monteiro, Sarogini; Nabais, Pedro; Correia, Daniela; Torres, Duarte; Viegas, Carla; Viegas, Susana; Nauta, Maarten; Pires, Sara M.The occurrence of mycotoxins in nuts, including the most potent carcinogenic aflatoxins (AFTs), has been reported by several authors worldwide. Notwithstanding, nut consumption plays an important role in the Mediterranean diet due to their nutrient contents and the consequent potential to produce beneficial health effects, as the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to quantify the health impact in terms of Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of increasing nut consumption to 30g/day by adult Portuguese population when compared to the current intake.