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Publication
Compostagem doméstica de resíduos urbanos em instituições de ensino superior
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| 8.79 MB | Adobe PDF |
Abstract(s)
A compostagem representa uma alternativa viável no tratamento e valorização de resíduos urbanos. A variabilidade de matérias-primas utilizadas na sua produção têm influência no valor associado ao produto final. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a implementação da compostagem de resíduos urbanos em instituições de ensino superior, nomeadamente no Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL). Foram realizadas ações de sensibilização junto da comunidade académica, incluindo a aplicação de um inquérito para avaliar o nível de conhecimento, preocupação e envolvimento em relação às questões ambientais e práticas de compostagem. Os resultados revelam que, apesar de 84% dos inquiridos se declararem preocupados com as alterações climáticas, apenas 4,5% estão ativamente envolvidos em ações de combate a esse problema. No entanto, a maioria (81,8%) já pratica a separação de resíduos para reciclagem e 22,7% fazem a separação de biorresíduos. Quanto à implementação prática da compostagem no campus, foram instalados oito compostores em diferentes locais, sendo acompanhados diversos parâmetros como temperatura, humidade, pH e teor de sólidos totais e voláteis. Os resultados demonstraram variações significativas na altura da pilha, humidade, temperatura, pH e sólidos totais. Nenhum compostor alcançou a fase termófila, com temperaturas máximas registadas de 40°C, e o pH variou entre 4 a 9. O Comp6 destacou-se pelos melhores valores de pH, Sólidos Totais e Sólidos Voláteis evidenciando uma decomposição ativa ao longo do ensaio, enquanto o Comp1 e Comp8 mantiveram uma maior estabilidade ao longo do processo. A presença de contaminantes, especialmente no Comp6, sublinha a necessidade de estratégias específicas de gestão de resíduos, considerando o tipo de resíduos, frequência de deposição e envolvimento comunitário. Os resultados evidenciam que a compostagem doméstica no ISEL é viável e apresenta benefícios ambientais, sociais e educacionais, recomendando a sua adoção como parte integrante da estratégia de sustentabilidade da instituição.
Abstract Composting represents a viable option in the treatment and recovery of municipal waste. The diversity of raw materials used in its production influences the value associated with the final product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the implementation of urban waste composting in higher education institutions, particularly at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL). Awareness-raising actions were carried out with the academic community, including the application of a survey to assess the level of knowledge, concern, and involvement regarding environmental issues and composting practices. The results reveal that, although 84% of respondents declared themselves concerned about climate change, only 4.5% are actively involved in actions to combat this problem. However, the majority (81.8%) already practice waste separation for recycling, and 22.7% separate biowaste. Regarding the practical implementation of composting on campus, eight composters were installed in different locations, and various parameters such as temperature, humidity, pH, and total and volatile solids content were monitored. Results demonstrated significant variations in pile height, humidity, temperature, pH, and total solids. No composter reached the thermophilic phase, with maximum temperatures of 40°C, and pH oscillating between 4 and 9. Comp6 stood out for the best pH, Total Solids, and Volatile Solids values, demonstrating an active decomposition throughout the experiment, while Comp1 and Comp8 maintained greater stability throughout the process stood out for its active decomposition, while Comp1 and Comp8 maintained greater stability throughout the process. The presence of contaminants, especially in Comp6, underscores the need for specific waste management strategies, considering waste type, deposition frequency, and community involvement. The findings evidence that domestic composting at ISEL is feasible and presents environmental, social, and educational benefits, recommending its adoption as an integral part of the institution's sustainability strategy.
Abstract Composting represents a viable option in the treatment and recovery of municipal waste. The diversity of raw materials used in its production influences the value associated with the final product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the implementation of urban waste composting in higher education institutions, particularly at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL). Awareness-raising actions were carried out with the academic community, including the application of a survey to assess the level of knowledge, concern, and involvement regarding environmental issues and composting practices. The results reveal that, although 84% of respondents declared themselves concerned about climate change, only 4.5% are actively involved in actions to combat this problem. However, the majority (81.8%) already practice waste separation for recycling, and 22.7% separate biowaste. Regarding the practical implementation of composting on campus, eight composters were installed in different locations, and various parameters such as temperature, humidity, pH, and total and volatile solids content were monitored. Results demonstrated significant variations in pile height, humidity, temperature, pH, and total solids. No composter reached the thermophilic phase, with maximum temperatures of 40°C, and pH oscillating between 4 and 9. Comp6 stood out for the best pH, Total Solids, and Volatile Solids values, demonstrating an active decomposition throughout the experiment, while Comp1 and Comp8 maintained greater stability throughout the process stood out for its active decomposition, while Comp1 and Comp8 maintained greater stability throughout the process. The presence of contaminants, especially in Comp6, underscores the need for specific waste management strategies, considering waste type, deposition frequency, and community involvement. The findings evidence that domestic composting at ISEL is feasible and presents environmental, social, and educational benefits, recommending its adoption as an integral part of the institution's sustainability strategy.
Description
Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia da Qualidade e Ambiente
Keywords
Compostagem doméstica Biorresíduos Composto Eco-escolas Sustentabilidade Domestic composting Biowaste Compost Eco-schools Sustainability