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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A infeção do trato urinário (ITU) é uma das infeções mais frequentes no humano, causada por microrganismos ou fungos. Pode ser sintomática ou assintomática, sendo o diagnóstico confirmado através da cultura de urina de forma assética (urocultura). A urocultura é o teste padrão para indicar crescimento bacteriano, permitindo o isolamento do microrganismo e o estudo do antibiograma. Contudo, o crescimento de mais de dois tipos de microrganismos sugere contaminação da urocultura. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a prevalência e determinar a etiologia da contaminação de 1861 uroculturas nos diferentes serviços da ULSBA, EPE, entre 2012 e 2022. Avaliou-se a prevalência da contaminação de uroculturas nos diferentes serviços da Instituição com fatores como idade, sexo e método de colheita. Avaliou-se a distribuição da prevalência de microrganismos isolados e infeções urinárias nosocomiais nos diversos serviços. E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Proteus mirabilis foram os microrganismos mais identificados e os mais prevalentes em infeções urinárias nosocomiais nos diferentes serviços. A prevalência de contaminação de uroculturas é maior no sexo feminino e em pessoas idosas. O método de colheita preferencial é o jato médio, por ser não invasivo e causar menos desconforto. O estudo revelou que a Urgência Geral tem maior prevalência de contaminação de uroculturas e a Pediatria a menor taxa de contaminação. Este estudo reforçou a importância da execução de uma boa fase pré-analítica para a melhoria contínua da qualidade dos serviços de saúde e redução da taxa de contaminação de urinas asséticas.
ABSTRACT - Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in humans, caused by microorganisms or fungi. It can be symptomatic or asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is confirmed through an aseptic urine culture (uroculture). Urine culture is the standard test to indicate bacterial growth, allowing the isolation of the microorganism and the study of the antibiogram. However, the growth of more than two types of microorganisms suggests contamination of the urine culture. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and determine the etiology of contamination of 1861 urine cultures in the different services of ULSBA, EPE, between 2012 and 2022. The prevalence of contamination of urine cultures in the different services of the Institution was evaluated using factors such as age, sex, and collection method. The distribution of the prevalence of isolated microorganisms and nosocomial urinary infections in the different services was evaluated. E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Proteus mirabilis were the most identified microorganisms and the most prevalent in nosocomial urinary infections in different services. The prevalence of urine culture contamination is higher in females and elderly people. The preferred collection method is midstream urine, as it is non-invasive and causes less discomfort. The study revealed that in General Emergency there is a higher prevalence of contamination of urine cultures and in Pediatrics there is a lower rate of contamination. This study reinforces the importance of carrying out a good pre-analytical phase for the continuous improvement of the quality of health services and reducing the contamination rate of aseptic urine.
ABSTRACT - Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in humans, caused by microorganisms or fungi. It can be symptomatic or asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is confirmed through an aseptic urine culture (uroculture). Urine culture is the standard test to indicate bacterial growth, allowing the isolation of the microorganism and the study of the antibiogram. However, the growth of more than two types of microorganisms suggests contamination of the urine culture. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and determine the etiology of contamination of 1861 urine cultures in the different services of ULSBA, EPE, between 2012 and 2022. The prevalence of contamination of urine cultures in the different services of the Institution was evaluated using factors such as age, sex, and collection method. The distribution of the prevalence of isolated microorganisms and nosocomial urinary infections in the different services was evaluated. E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Proteus mirabilis were the most identified microorganisms and the most prevalent in nosocomial urinary infections in different services. The prevalence of urine culture contamination is higher in females and elderly people. The preferred collection method is midstream urine, as it is non-invasive and causes less discomfort. The study revealed that in General Emergency there is a higher prevalence of contamination of urine cultures and in Pediatrics there is a lower rate of contamination. This study reinforces the importance of carrying out a good pre-analytical phase for the continuous improvement of the quality of health services and reducing the contamination rate of aseptic urine.
Description
Mestrado em Tecnologias Clínico-Laboratoriais
Keywords
Infeção do trato urinário Urocultura Contaminação Crescimento bacteriano Serviço de saúde Urinary tract infection Urine culture Contamination Bacterial growth Health service ULS Baixo Alentejo MTCL
Citation
Fonseca, AA. Prevalência da contaminação de uroculturas nos diferentes serviços da ULSBA, EPE [dissertation]. Lisboa: Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa/Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2024.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa