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Danos ocupacionais em músicos: a interferência da disfunção temporomandibular na prática do clarinete
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Resumo(s)
Apesar da atividade musical ser geralmente associada pela sociedade ao bem-estar e ao lazer, diversos estudos apontam esta atividade como causa para o aparecimento de problemas articulares, posturais, musculares, psicológicos e auditivos. O aparecimento de danos ocupacionais tem forçado inúmeros instrumentistas ao abandono da atividade instrumental e até da sua carreira musical. Um dos muitos problemas de saúde que afeta os músicos é a disfunção temporomandibular (DTM). A DTM é originada por alterações que interferem no bom funcionamento da articulação temporomandibular (ATM). É multidisciplinar, multifactorial e interfere directamente com a embocadura ao interferir com os movimentos da mandibula. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo alertar a população para o risco de adoecimento ocupacional em músicos, descobrir (através da realização de uma investigação) como a presença de DTM interfere na prática do clarinete e apresentar medidas de prevenção de danos ocupacionais. Foi realizado um
questionário ao qual responderam 94 clarinetistas com perguntas sobre dados básicos, prática instrumental, dores e fadiga na zona da embocadura e o questionário anamnésico de Fonseca et al.. Foi concluído que clarinetistas são susceptíveis a apresentar sinais e
sintomas de DTM e que este problema de saúde interfere com a prática do clarinete, causando dores e cansaço na zona da embocadura e afetando a resistência e a qualidade do som dos clarinetistas. Foi encontrada correlação entre o grau de DTM e a presença de dores/cansaço na zona da embocadura, sendo que quanto maior for a severidade de DTM, maior é a regularidade de dores/cansaço na zona da embocadura.
ABSTRACT - Although musical activity is generally associated by society with well-being and leisure, studies point out this activity as a cause for the appearance of articular, postural, muscular, psychological and hearing problems. The appearance of occupational injuries has forced countless instrumentalist to abandonment of instrumental activity and even to abandonment of musical carreer. One of the many health problems that affect the musicians is the temporomandibular disorder (TMD). TMD is originated by changes that interfere with the proper functioning of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It is multidisciplinary, multifactorial and interferes directly with embouchure by interfering with jaw movements. This dissertacion aims to alert the population to the risk of occupational illness in musicians, descover (by conducting a research) how the presence of TMD interferes with the practice of clarinet and present occupational injury prevention measures. A questionnaire was answered to which 94 clarinetists answered with questions about individual data, instrumental practice, pain and fatigue in the area of embouchure and the anamnestic questionnaire of Fonseca et al.. It was concluded that clarinetists are susceptible to signs and symptoms of TMD and this health problem interferes with practice of clarinet, causing pain and fatigue in the area of embouchure and affecting the clarinetist’s resistance and quality of sound. A correlation was found between the degree of TMD and the presence of pain/fatigue in the area of the embouchure, being that the higher the degree of TMD, the higher the regularity of pain/fatigue in the area of embouchure.
ABSTRACT - Although musical activity is generally associated by society with well-being and leisure, studies point out this activity as a cause for the appearance of articular, postural, muscular, psychological and hearing problems. The appearance of occupational injuries has forced countless instrumentalist to abandonment of instrumental activity and even to abandonment of musical carreer. One of the many health problems that affect the musicians is the temporomandibular disorder (TMD). TMD is originated by changes that interfere with the proper functioning of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It is multidisciplinary, multifactorial and interferes directly with embouchure by interfering with jaw movements. This dissertacion aims to alert the population to the risk of occupational illness in musicians, descover (by conducting a research) how the presence of TMD interferes with the practice of clarinet and present occupational injury prevention measures. A questionnaire was answered to which 94 clarinetists answered with questions about individual data, instrumental practice, pain and fatigue in the area of embouchure and the anamnestic questionnaire of Fonseca et al.. It was concluded that clarinetists are susceptible to signs and symptoms of TMD and this health problem interferes with practice of clarinet, causing pain and fatigue in the area of embouchure and affecting the clarinetist’s resistance and quality of sound. A correlation was found between the degree of TMD and the presence of pain/fatigue in the area of the embouchure, being that the higher the degree of TMD, the higher the regularity of pain/fatigue in the area of embouchure.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada à Escola Superior de Música de Lisboa, do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, para cumprimento dos requisitos à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Música.
Palavras-chave
Danos ocupacionais Músicos Clarinete DTM Occupational injuries Musicians Clarinet TMD
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa - Escola Superior de Música de Lisboa