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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A tendência para o aumento populacional e as tecnologias emergentes estão a criar um incremento sem
precedentes na procura de recursos naturais e a maior produção do setor industrial tem a si associado um
aumento exponencial do consumo destes recursos. Desta tendência emerge o desafio de assegurar o acesso
estável a metais e minerais considerados imprescindíveis para o funcionamento sustentável da economia e
das tecnologias emergentes.
Da Iniciativa «Matérias-Primas» (RMI – Raw Materials Initiative) surgiu a definição da lista de matériasprimas críticas (MPC) para a União Europeia (UE). A lista de 2020 publicada pela comissão europeia
identifica um total de 30 MPC que atingem ou excedem o limite definido em termos de importância
económica e risco de fornecimento.
Com este estudo pretende-se identificar 3 matérias-primas de especial importância para Portugal, de entre
a lista de 30 MPC da UE, as suas principais aplicações na indústria e o potencial de adoção de estratégias
de economia circular. Para tal efetuou-se uma revisão bibliográfica onde foram identificados os
fundamentos de economia circular e sustentabilidade, as matérias-primas críticas na UE e a nível nacional,
bem como as suas principais aplicações.
De forma a efetuar a identificação das três matérias-primas a partir desse conjunto alargado de 30, foi
utilizada uma metodologia multicritério de apoio à decisão (MMAD), que se mostrou de extrema utilidade,
permitindo considerar um conjunto alargado de critérios, no âmbito da sustentabilidade e considerando o
ciclo de vida destas MPC, sob o qual um conjunto de matérias-primas previamente definidas foram
avaliadas.
Esta avaliação permitiu a identificação das três MPC mais relevantes no contexto nacional.
Posteriormente foram caracterizadas estas três MPC e identificadas estratégias de circularidade com
potencial de adoção a nível nacional e/ou europeu.
The trend towards increasing population and emerging technologies is creating an unprecedented increase in the demand for natural resources and the greater production in the industrial sector has associated with an exponential increase in the consumption of these resources. From this trend emerges the challenge of ensuring stable access to metals and minerals necessary for the sustainable functioning of the economy and emerging technologies. From the Raw Materials Initiative (RMI) came the definition of the list of critical raw materials (CRM) for the European Union (EU). The 2020 list published by the European Commission identifies a total of 30 CRM that reach or exceed the limit defined in terms of economic importance and supply risk. This study aims to identify 3 raw materials of special importance for Portugal, among the EU 30 CRM list, its main applications in the industry and the potential for adopting circular economy strategies. To this end, a bibliographic review was carried out, which identified the fundamentals of circular economy and sustainability, critical raw materials in the EU and at national level, as well as their main applications. In order to make the identification of the three raw materials from this broad set of 30, a multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methodology was used, which proved to be extremely useful, allowing to consider a wide set of criteria, in the scope of sustainability and considering the life cycle of these CRM, under which a set of previously defined raw materials were evaluated. This evaluation allowed the identification of the three most relevant CRM in the national context. Subsequently, these three CRM were characterized and circularity strategies with potential for adoption at national and/or European level were identified.
The trend towards increasing population and emerging technologies is creating an unprecedented increase in the demand for natural resources and the greater production in the industrial sector has associated with an exponential increase in the consumption of these resources. From this trend emerges the challenge of ensuring stable access to metals and minerals necessary for the sustainable functioning of the economy and emerging technologies. From the Raw Materials Initiative (RMI) came the definition of the list of critical raw materials (CRM) for the European Union (EU). The 2020 list published by the European Commission identifies a total of 30 CRM that reach or exceed the limit defined in terms of economic importance and supply risk. This study aims to identify 3 raw materials of special importance for Portugal, among the EU 30 CRM list, its main applications in the industry and the potential for adopting circular economy strategies. To this end, a bibliographic review was carried out, which identified the fundamentals of circular economy and sustainability, critical raw materials in the EU and at national level, as well as their main applications. In order to make the identification of the three raw materials from this broad set of 30, a multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methodology was used, which proved to be extremely useful, allowing to consider a wide set of criteria, in the scope of sustainability and considering the life cycle of these CRM, under which a set of previously defined raw materials were evaluated. This evaluation allowed the identification of the three most relevant CRM in the national context. Subsequently, these three CRM were characterized and circularity strategies with potential for adoption at national and/or European level were identified.
Description
Trabalho de Projeto ou Dissertação de natureza científica para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia da Qualidade e Ambiente
Keywords
Economia circular Sustentabilidade Análise multicritério Matérias-primas críticas Estratégias de circularidade Circular economy Sustainability Multicriteria analysis Critical raw materials Circularity strategies
Citation
SIMÕES, Vítor Hugo Pereira – Identificação de matérias-primas críticas para Portugal e estratégias de economia circular. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2021. Dissertação de Mestrado.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa