| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23.96 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo a análise de um edifício de serviços existente e estudar medidas de melhoria por forma a que seja considerado um edifício com necessidades quase nulas de energia – NZEB (Sigla em inglês para Nearly Zero Energy Building). Pese tratar-se de um estudo académico, pretende-se que este trabalho comprove a viabilidade económica na implementação das medidas de melhoria. O caso de estudo trata-se de um hotel 4 estrelas com uma área total de 1915 m2 enquadrado na frente marítima da cidade do Funchal na Ilha da Madeira. Com base nos dados recolhidos aquando da auditoria energética realizada ao edifício, com recurso à simulação dinâmica real verifica-se que o edifício consome anualmente 299,6 MWh de energia elétrica e 179 MWh de Gás GPL, que se traduz num consumo global de energia primária de 928 MWhEP distribuídos da seguinte forma: 51% em Equipamentos; 14,8% em Arrefecimento; 14,9 % na preparação de AQS; 5% em iluminação interior; 3,1% Sauna+Jacuzzi; 5,8% Bombas de Piscina; 2,4% Sistemas de Refrigeração; 2,8% em Aquecimento e 0,5% em Elevadores. Do ponto de vista ambiental, o edifício tem um impacto anual de aproximadamente 149 tCO2..Para a verificação dos cumprimentos dos requisitos NZEB são determinados os Indicadores de Eficiência Energética, obtidos por comparação entre os resultados da simulação em condições previstas e em condições de referência, concluindo-se que o edifício em condições reais – “As Is” não atinge a classificação NZEB, estando, contudo, perto dos limites mínimos necessários para atingir este objetivo. São sugeridas como medidas de melhoria o retrofit da iluminação menos eficiente, Instalação de uma unidade tipo bomba de calor para a produção de AQS e Instalação de um sistema fotovoltaico para autoconsumo que traduzem numa poupança anual de 191.750 kWh/ano, que corresponde a -304.429 kWhEP e -46870 kgCO2. Com estas medidas o edifício cumpre os requisitos mínimos para ser considerado NZEB. Do ponto de vista económico, no conjunto das medidas de melhoria verifica-se um retorno de investimento médio estimado de 4 anos.
The main objective of this study is to analyze an existing commercial building and study Energy improvement measuresin order to achieve nearly zero energy building (NZEB) status. Despite being an academic study, the aim is to demonstrate the economic viability of implementing these efficiencymeasures. The case study focuses on a 4-star hotel with a total area of 1915 m2 located in Funchal, Madeira Island. Based on the data collected during the energy audit conducted on the building, real-time dynamic simulation reveals that the building consumes around 299.6 MWh of electricity and 179 MWh of LPG gas annually, resulting in a total primary energy consumption of 928 MWhEP. The energy breakdown is as follows: 51% for equipment, 14.8% for cooling, 14.9% for hot water preparation, 5% for interior lighting, 3.1% for sauna and jacuzzi, 5.8% for pool pumps, 2.4% for refrigeration systems, 2.8% for heating, and 0.5% for elevators. From an environmental perspective, the building has an annual impact of approximately 149 tons of CO2. To assess compliance with NZEB requirements, Energy Efficiency Indicators are determined by comparing the simulation results under “Previstas”and “Referência” conditions. It is concluded that the building, under real conditions ("As Is"), does not meet the NZEB criteria but close to the minimum requirements needed to achieve this objective. Suggested improvement measures include retrofitting less efficient lighting, installing a heat pump unit for domestic hot water production and implementing a photovoltaic system for self-consumption. These measures result in an annual savings of 191,750 kWh/year, equivalent to -304,429 kWhEP and -46,870 kgCO2. With these actions, the building meets the minimum requirements to be considered a Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB). From an economic perspective, the overall improvement measures offer an estimated average return on investment of 4 years.
The main objective of this study is to analyze an existing commercial building and study Energy improvement measuresin order to achieve nearly zero energy building (NZEB) status. Despite being an academic study, the aim is to demonstrate the economic viability of implementing these efficiencymeasures. The case study focuses on a 4-star hotel with a total area of 1915 m2 located in Funchal, Madeira Island. Based on the data collected during the energy audit conducted on the building, real-time dynamic simulation reveals that the building consumes around 299.6 MWh of electricity and 179 MWh of LPG gas annually, resulting in a total primary energy consumption of 928 MWhEP. The energy breakdown is as follows: 51% for equipment, 14.8% for cooling, 14.9% for hot water preparation, 5% for interior lighting, 3.1% for sauna and jacuzzi, 5.8% for pool pumps, 2.4% for refrigeration systems, 2.8% for heating, and 0.5% for elevators. From an environmental perspective, the building has an annual impact of approximately 149 tons of CO2. To assess compliance with NZEB requirements, Energy Efficiency Indicators are determined by comparing the simulation results under “Previstas”and “Referência” conditions. It is concluded that the building, under real conditions ("As Is"), does not meet the NZEB criteria but close to the minimum requirements needed to achieve this objective. Suggested improvement measures include retrofitting less efficient lighting, installing a heat pump unit for domestic hot water production and implementing a photovoltaic system for self-consumption. These measures result in an annual savings of 191,750 kWh/year, equivalent to -304,429 kWhEP and -46,870 kgCO2. With these actions, the building meets the minimum requirements to be considered a Nearly Zero Energy Building (NZEB). From an economic perspective, the overall improvement measures offer an estimated average return on investment of 4 years.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Keywords
Edifícios com Necessidades quase nulas de energia Eficiência energética Simulação energética Medidas de melhoria energética Nearly zero energy buildings Energy efficiency Energy simulation Energy improvement measures
Citation
SOBRAL, Luís Bernardo Figueiredo - Estudo de soluções para um edifício de serviços, de modo a que seja considerado NZEB. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 2023. Dissertação de Mestrado.